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Stoichiometric Defects Video Lecture - JEE

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FAQs on Stoichiometric Defects Video Lecture - JEE

1. What are stoichiometric defects in the context of the JEE exam?
Ans. Stoichiometric defects refer to the deviations from the ideal stoichiometric composition of a compound due to the presence of missing or additional atoms in its crystal lattice. In the JEE exam, candidates may be asked to identify and analyze stoichiometric defects in different types of materials.
2. How do stoichiometric defects affect the properties of materials?
Ans. Stoichiometric defects can significantly influence the properties of materials. For example, the presence of interstitial defects, where atoms of a smaller size occupy spaces between the regular lattice sites, can lead to changes in the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of materials. Similarly, the presence of vacancies or missing atoms can alter the optical and thermal properties of a substance.
3. What are the different types of stoichiometric defects?
Ans. There are generally four types of stoichiometric defects: vacancies, interstitials, substitutional, and Frenkel defects. Vacancies occur when lattice sites are empty, while interstitials refer to atoms occupying the interstitial sites between the regular lattice points. Substitutional defects involve the replacement of one type of atom with another, and Frenkel defects involve the displacement of an ion from its original lattice site to an interstitial site.
4. How can stoichiometric defects be controlled or manipulated in materials?
Ans. Stoichiometric defects can be controlled or manipulated through various techniques. One approach is by adjusting the composition and processing conditions during the synthesis of materials. For example, doping with impurities can introduce deliberate substitutional defects to enhance certain properties. Additionally, heat treatment or annealing processes can be employed to reduce or eliminate existing defects in a material.
5. Are stoichiometric defects always considered undesirable in materials?
Ans. Stoichiometric defects are not always considered undesirable in materials. In fact, they can have beneficial effects and be intentionally introduced to enhance specific properties. For instance, the controlled addition of impurities through doping can improve the electrical conductivity of semiconductors. However, excessive or uncontrolled stoichiometric defects can lead to a degradation of material properties, making their understanding and control crucial in materials science and engineering.
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