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Nomadic Empires Revision Notes | NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET PDF Download

Nomadic Empires Revision Notes | NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET
Nomadic Empires Revision Notes | NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET

Sources : Chronicles of Rashid al -Din, the Great wall of China, The silk route.

After decades of Soviet control, the country of Mongolia is recreating its identity as an independent nation . Genghis Khan appeared as an iconic figure for the Mongol People, mobilising memories of a great past in the forging of national identity that can carry the nation into the future.
British Empire, Mauryan Empire, Mughal Empire
- Comparison with the Mongol Empire.
- Mongols Provided idelogical models for the Mughals of India.

- Timur, another monarch who aspired to universal domination, hesitated to declare himself monarch because of Genghis Khan.

Social Organisation:

All the able - bodied, adult males of the tribe bore arms. The society included groups like the Turkic Uighurs, the defeated people like - the Kereyits. It was a body of heterogenous mass of people.

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Political Organisation:

Genghis khan assigned the responsibility of governing the newly conquered people to his foursons. Genghis Khan envisaged that his sons would rule the empire collectively. The numbers of the family was underlined at the assembly of chieftains, quriltais, where all decisions relating to the family or the state for the forthcoming season - Campaigns, distribution of plunder, Pasture lands and succession were collectively taken.

Military Organisation:

His army was organised according to the old steppe system ofdecimal units : in divisions of 10s, 100s, 1000s and 10,000 soldiers. He divided the old tribal groupings and distributed their members into new military units. Any individual who tried to move from his / her alloted group without permission received harsh punishment. The largest unit of soldiers, approximating 10,000 soldiers. The new military contingents were required, to serve under his four sons and specially chosen captains of his army units called noyan.

Key Words I Terms

Barbarian : The term 'barbarian' is derived from the greek barbaros which meant a non greek, whose language sounded like a random noise: 'bar-bar'. Cruel, greed and politically unable to govern.
Yasa : Genghis Khan's code of Law.
Tama : The military contingents of the individual princes.
Quriltais : The assembly of chieftains where all decisions relating to the family or the state - campaings, distribution of plunder, pasture lands and succession - were collectively taken.
Anda : blood brothers of Genghis Khan.
Naukar : Special ranking as his bondsmen, a title that marked their close relationship with their mster.
Qanats :  Underground canals.
Yam : A Couriersystem introduced by Genghis Khan
Qubcurtax : A levy that the nomads paid willingly for the multiple benefits that it brought.

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FAQs on Nomadic Empires Revision Notes - NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET

1. What were the Mongol invasions?
Ans. The Mongol invasions were a series of military campaigns launched by the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. These invasions were aimed at expanding the Mongol Empire's territories and power, and they resulted in significant conquests of many parts of Asia and Europe.
2. Who were the major nomadic empires of the ancient world?
Ans. The major nomadic empires of the ancient world were the Xiongnu Empire, the Huns, the Turks, the Mongols, and the Scythians. These empires were characterized by their nomadic lifestyle and their military prowess, which allowed them to conquer and rule over vast territories.
3. What was the impact of the nomadic empires on world history?
Ans. The nomadic empires had a significant impact on world history. They facilitated the exchange of ideas, technologies, and cultures between different regions, and they also played a key role in shaping the political and economic landscape of the ancient world. Additionally, these empires contributed to the development of new military tactics and strategies, which had a lasting impact on warfare in subsequent centuries.
4. How did the nomadic empires govern their territories?
Ans. The nomadic empires employed a variety of governance strategies to rule over their territories. These included the establishment of military colonies, the imposition of tributes and taxes on conquered peoples, and the integration of local elites into the ruling structure of the empire. Additionally, many nomadic empires adopted religious and cultural practices from the regions they conquered, which helped to legitimize their rule over these areas.
5. What led to the decline of the nomadic empires?
Ans. The decline of the nomadic empires was caused by a variety of factors, including internal weaknesses and external pressures. Many of these empires were plagued by political instability, economic stagnation, and social unrest, which made them vulnerable to external invasions and internal rebellions. Additionally, the nomadic lifestyle of these empires made it difficult for them to maintain a strong centralized government and to effectively administer their vast territories. Finally, the emergence of more powerful and centralized states in the regions surrounding the nomadic empires contributed to their eventual decline and collapse.
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