Module Formation Video Lecture - NEET

hello friends this video on mineral
nutrition part 11 is brought to you by
exam feel calm no more fear from exam so
now let us talk about the process this
process is broadly it consists of two
major steps the first step is nodule
formation how the nodules are formed
because nodules are the main sites which
help in nitrogen fixation process the
second step is conversion of nitrogen
into ammonia so the first part is nodule
formation so the nodules will be formed
and the second part is conversion of
nitrogen into ammonia so nitrogen will
get converted to ammonia so let us first
discuss the Lord Hill formation part now
as I said this inaudible formation is
the result of multiple interactions of
Rhizobium with the roots of the plant so
there will be so much of interaction
between the bacteria Rhizobium and the
roots of the plant now as I have
mentioned this before also as long as
the rise would be a bacteria is present
under the soil it is not symbolic in
nature it is a pretty living bacteria
but as soon as it comes in contact with
the roots of a plant of the leguminous
plant it tends to become symbolic in
nature so now how this happens how the
Rhizobium connects with the root of the
let you - plant so now here another
point remoter that one Rhizobium can
infect certain species of Legends it is
not that a Rhizobium can connect with
any later - plants because there are
many types of lagunas lands as well but
I'm going to give one particular type of
Rhizobium can infect certain species of
Legends and not others for example P can
be the plant P can be infected by
Rhizobium but clover cannot be infected
so even though he and clover both an
income in the slums but both of them
cannot be infected by Rhizobium so that
means the bacteria Rhizobium cannot
connect to all types of legumes it
anthemic only to certain species of lake
Jews now it is a multi-step process now
the formation of module itself is a
multi-step process there are several
steps involved in it now the first step
of module formation is the release of
chemicals by root sense into the soil
now the like you - plants the roots of
the leguminous plants these are the root
hairs so here you can see this is you
remember the cross section of root this
is how the root here looks like this is
the root hair this is again the root
here so now the roots will secrete some
chemicals into the soil and this is soil
and in this soil you have some time moon
bacteria so the bacteria is also
praising the Rhizobium bacteria is also
present at the soil now some chemicals
will be secreted or released by the root
cells and some of these chemicals will
encourage bacterial growth now as I said
not all Rhizobium will get connected
with all relatives so it depends on
these chemicals which are secreted by
the late roots now suddenly cumin thus
plants will secrete some chemicals which
encourage bacterial growth that's true
for that particular bacterium because
that area also are of many types not all
bacteria can be used for nitrogen
fixation only some of them can be that
is because the chemicals which are
relieved that encourage that specific
type of bacterial growth now let us
suppose some chemicals are secreted
which encourage the growth of Rhizobium
bacteria so what will happen
Rhizobium will start growing that is the
Rhizobium will start to divide
repeatedly near the details so this is
your root here and here if you see these
dotted structure the other Rhizobium
so these bacteria that start to divide
when I say grow growth means what cells
will divide to form more and more new
sets so repeated sin division will start
near the root here so as a result
bacterial growth will take place right
now as a result of so much of bacterial
growth they root here will tend to get
infected by so much of bacteria all
around and the root here thanks to cold
so here if you see on you the root hair
was straight like this but now it has
current near its tip now due to this
curling of the root here the bacteria
will gradually enter into the root here
so that is the this root gets infected
that is when we say that the root got
infected by the bacteria so the root
here gets infected infected thread
reaches the inner cortex now once it
gets infected you see this chain of
bacteria it goes deeper inside the root
layers and it also reaches up cortex
like is the inner cortex so here you
have the inner cortex here you have the
penny cycle cells the baby cycle here
you remember or cortex outer quarters
inner cortex and pain cycle then you
have your valium you have flow in so
always we studied in the cross section
of a root so this is how the infected
thread will be formed now sense of the
inner cortex and Perrie cycle will
divide now because of this infected
train due to this infection these cells
this layer and the snare all these cells
will start to divide now when these
cells start to divide what will happen
additional tissues will be formed where
additional cells will be formed and
these additional cells will undergo
repeated division to form a growth and
this outgrowth will form the nodule so
how an ordeal looks like not you will be
look somewhat like this so this
outgrowth any out wrote for example this
is your this is say say Hydra we will
take example of Hydra this is how Hydra
looks like now during it practically
produce
bye buddy saying buddy was gonna do this
one what is an outgrowth this is some
additional cells which are formed into
two cell division so similar things
happen here here the inner got X cells
and the pedi cycle cells they start to
divide and some additional cells are
formed and all these cells together form
a lot you like structure by a mass like
structure like this so this outgrowth is
known as module and this is the learning
which has seen as small spherical
structures in on the roofs of length you
- plants so this is how or not you even
spawned so I hope it is cleared first
the room will secrete some chemical is
it that chemical encourage bacterial
growth then bacteria will start to grow
near the root yes the root cams will
curl and the bacteria lengthen inside so
the root here will get infected this
infected thread will reached up to that
inner cortex as a design the sense of
the inner cortex and 30 cycles will also
start to divide these repeated cell
divisions an outgrowth will be formed by
the additional cells which is known as
non-jew so now this not you the nagas
nodule is ready so it has all the
required components which are needed for
nitrogen fixation
so what are those components which are
needed things like the enzyme
nitrogenous is present inside the store
do you think hemoglobin is present
inside this not you so these Nadya also
has vascular connections with the root
that is it gets all its nutrients from
the root vascular connections what are
vascular connections they are acting by
the vascular bundles element Floyd their
purpose is to conduct water that
minerals to different parts of the plant
so now they have their vascular
connections with the root so they will
get all their nutrients water food
everything from the root so now the
nodule is ready it has all the materials
which are required for the process of
nitrogen fixation so the first step of
nitro geological nitrogen fixation is
over so now thank you please visit
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