Mapping your Way Class 5 Notes Maths Chapter 8

Directions

• Directions are paths that show how things move.
• There are four main directions we call cardinal directions.
• For instance, if you're facing the direction the sun rises, you're facing East.

How to Find Directions?

• To find Cardinal directions, we use a device called a compass.
• A compass has a needle made of a magnet that always points to the North.
• In the compass, 'N' stands for North, 'S' for South, 'E' for East, and 'W' for West.
• The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West, which are opposite directions.
• North and South are also opposite to each other.
• Looking at the compass, North is to the right of East, and South is to the left.
  

Analyze the given image and answer the following questions.

Solved Examples

Example 1: The pond is in which direction of the oak tree?
Sol: The pond is located in the West direction.

Example 2: The gold pot is placed in which direction?
Sol: Gold pot is placed in the North direction.

Example 3: The direction that is opposite the pond is.
Sol: Pond is in the West direction hence the direction opposite to West is East.

Map Scale

• Since it is difficult to add the exact distance on the map, we use a term called Scale. 
• In the image, it mentions that “1 cm = 2 km”, which means ‘1 cm’ on the map is equal to ‘2 km’ on the Earth.
  

Now let us answer some questions with reference to the above image,

Example 1: What is the path taken by Panda?
Sol: The path chosen by Panda on the map is along 1, 2, 5, and 6. Panda starts at Bheem Uncle's house, then goes along with Appu Confectionery, then crosses Post Box and reaches Toofan’s house.

Example 2: Find the distance from Bheem's uncle's house to Toofan's house. (Hint: Distance is the length between two points.)
Sol: To find the distance, let us first add the total scale from Bheem's uncle's house to Toofan’s House. Follow paths 1, 2, 5, and 6 on the map.
2 cm + 4 cm + 1 cm + 5 cm
From the scale it is given that 1 cm = 2 km. Hence we should replace the 1 cm value with 2 km.
Hence we can write the scale values as,
2 cm = 1 cm + 1 cm = 2 km + 2 km = 4 km
4 cm = 1 cm + 1 cm + 1 cm + 1 cm = 2 km + 2 km + 2 km + 2 km = 8 km
1 cm = 2 km
5 cm = 1 cm + 1 cm + 1 cm + 1 cm + 1 cm = 2 km + 2 km + 2 km + 2 km + 2 km = 10 km
Now let us add all the values,
4 km + 8 km + 2 km + 10 km
24 km

Example 3: From the map which is the longest road?
Sol: By looking at the map we can say that the largest scale number in the path chosen by Panda is the longest road. Hence 5 cm is the largest number, number 6 is the longest road.

Uses of Scale and Directions in Map

• The scale is used in the maps to find the original distance between two places.
• Whereas the directions help us to locate the place on a map.

Solved Examples

Example 1: In a map, the scale is 1 cm of map = 5 km on Earth, then fill in the blank. 
13 cm = ……….. km.
Sol: Follow the same method of the solved example given above,
1 cm = 5 km
13 cm = ?   km
13 * 5 = 65 km

Example 2: From the image, the largest distance between A and B is in Map - 1 or Map - 2.

Sol: Let us first calculate the distance between A and B in Map - 1 and 2
Distance in Map - 1 = 2 cm + 3 cm + 8 cm + 1 cm = 14 cm
Distance in Map - 2 = 6 cm + 1 cm + 3 cm + 2 cm + 2 cm + 1 cm = 15 cm
Hence from both the distances, we can say that distance in Map - 2 is the largest.