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Mindmap: Separation of Substances | Science Class 6

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FAQs on Mindmap: Separation of Substances - Science Class 6

1. What is separation of substances?
Ans. Separation of substances refers to the process of isolating different components or substances from a mixture. It involves techniques that separate mixtures into their individual components based on their physical or chemical properties.
2. What are the different methods of separating substances?
Ans. There are several methods of separating substances, including filtration, evaporation, distillation, chromatography, and magnetism. Filtration is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids, while evaporation is used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid. Distillation is employed to separate two or more liquids based on their boiling points. Chromatography is a technique for separating and analyzing mixtures, and magnetism is used to separate magnetic substances from non-magnetic ones.
3. How does filtration work in the separation of substances?
Ans. Filtration is a method used to separate insoluble solids from liquids or gases. It works by passing the mixture through a filter medium, such as filter paper or a sieve, which allows the liquid or gas to pass through while retaining the solid particles. The solid particles that are unable to pass through the filter medium form a residue, while the filtered liquid or gas is collected as the filtrate.
4. Explain the process of distillation in the separation of substances.
Ans. Distillation is a method used to separate two or more liquids with different boiling points. The mixture is heated in a distillation apparatus, and the liquid with the lower boiling point evaporates first. The vapors are then cooled and condensed back into a liquid, which is collected as the distillate. The liquid with the higher boiling point remains in the original container as a residue. Distillation takes advantage of the fact that different substances have different boiling points, allowing for their separation.
5. How does chromatography work in the separation of substances?
Ans. Chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures based on the differential movement of their components through a stationary phase and a mobile phase. The stationary phase can be a solid or a liquid, while the mobile phase is typically a liquid or a gas. As the mixture is introduced to the stationary phase, the components with stronger affinity for the mobile phase move faster and travel further, while those with stronger affinity for the stationary phase move slower and travel a shorter distance. This differential movement allows for the separation of the components of the mixture.
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