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1. What are the mechanical properties of solids?
Ans. The mechanical properties of solids refer to the physical characteristics that determine how a solid material will behave under applied forces or loads. These properties include elasticity, strength, hardness, ductility, and toughness.
2. What is elasticity in the context of mechanical properties of solids?
Ans. Elasticity is the ability of a solid material to deform under stress and then return to its original shape once the stress is removed. It is a measure of how well a material can withstand and recover from deformation without permanent damage.
3. How is strength defined in the context of mechanical properties of solids?
Ans. Strength is a measure of a solid material's ability to withstand an applied force or load without breaking or deforming permanently. It is often quantified in terms of compressive strength, tensile strength, or shear strength, depending on the type of force being applied.
4. What is hardness in the context of mechanical properties of solids?
Ans. Hardness is a measure of a solid material's resistance to indentation, scratching, or abrasion. It is often determined using standardized tests such as the Mohs scale or the Brinell hardness test. Hardness is an important property in materials used for tools, machinery, and structural applications.
5. What is ductility and toughness in the context of mechanical properties of solids?
Ans. Ductility refers to a solid material's ability to deform under tensile stress without breaking. It is often associated with materials that can be easily drawn into wires or stretched into thin sheets. Toughness, on the other hand, measures a material's ability to absorb energy and resist fracture under impact or sudden loading. It combines both strength and ductility and is an important property in materials used in structural applications where impact resistance is crucial.
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