Worksheet Solutions: Medical Discoveries | Social Studies for Class 5 PDF Download

Q1: Fill in the Blanks

a. ___________________ is a measure of how hot or cold something is.
Ans: Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is

b. _____________ magnifies a tiny object and makes it look much larger.
Ans: A microscope magnifies a tiny object and makes it look much larger.

c. ________________ produce pictures which show more details than an X-ray photograph.
Ans: MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) produce pictures which show more details than an X-ray photograph.

d. ______________ is one of the first drugs to be used as an anesthetic.
Ans: Ether is one of the first drugs to be used as an anesthetic.

e. Doctors give the patient _______________________ to make them unconscious.
Ans: Doctors give the patient anesthesia to make them unconscious.

f. _____________________ are germs that spread several diseases such as tuberculosis, cholera and typhoid.
Ans: Bacteria are germs that spread several diseases such as tuberculosis, cholera, and typhoid.

g. ____________________ prevent diseases from occurring.
Ans: Vaccines prevent diseases from occurring.

h. ______________________is the process of killing germs by boiling followed by rapid cooling.
Ans: Pasteurization is the process of killing germs by boiling followed by rapid cooling

i. _____________________ helps to reduce deaths due to infections.
Ans: Vaccination helps to reduce deaths due to infections.

j. _______________________ had discovered the first antiseptic, a chemical that kills germs.
Ans: Joseph Lister had discovered the first antiseptic, a chemical that kills germs.

k. Vaccines have been developed against diseases such as ___________and ______________.
Ans: Vaccines have been developed against diseases such as measles and polio.

Q2: Name the Following

 a. The first vaccine to be discovered against the dreaded disease _________________
Ans: Smallpox vaccine

 b. He discovered a drug called Penicillin. _______________________
Ans: Alexander Fleming

 c. Very tiny living things that cause diseases. _______________
Ans: Microorganisms or pathogens.

 d. The inventor of clinical thermometer. __________________________
Ans: Thomas Clifford Allbutt

 e. He discovered the first vaccine against Small pox. ______________________
Ans: Edward Jenner.

f. Any two types of scanners. _________ ______________
Ans: MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and CT (Computed Tomography) scanner.

 g. The inventor of Stethoscope. __________________
Ans: René Laennec

 h. He discovered the method called Pasteurisation to kill germs in milk. ______________________
Ans: Louis Pasteur

 i. The inventor of the first microscope. ______________________
Ans: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Q3: WHO AM I?

a. I am used to examine your chest and back when you are ill. __________________________
Ans: Stethoscope

b. I help you to see things which are too small to see with the naked eye. _____________________
Ans: Microscope

c. I can take pictures inside a person’s body. _____________
Ans: MRI or X-ray

d. I am used to measure the temperature of the body. __________________________
Ans: Thermometer

e. I prevent the growth of bacteria. ________________
Ans: Antiseptic

f. I am necessary to cut open the body and operate on the organ. _______________
Ans: Scalpel.

Q4: Answer the Following Questions in Two Points: 
(i) What do you know about the Clinical thermometer? Who invented it?
Ans: A clinical thermometer measures body temperature when someone is ill. It was invented by Thomas Clifford Allbutt.
(ii) Describe Scanners.
Ans: Scanners are machines that take detailed pictures of the inside of the body. MRI and CT scanners are common types.
(iii) State the use of a Stethoscope.
OR
Why does the doctor examine your chest and back with a Stethoscope?
Ans: A stethoscope is used by doctors to listen to the sounds of the heart and lungs to check for any abnormalities or diseases.

Q5: Answer the Following Question in Three Points:
"Explain Pasteurisation"
Ans: Pasteurization is a process where liquids like milk are heated to kill harmful germs and bacteria. It helps to make the liquid safe for consumption without altering its taste or nutritional value.

Q6: Answer the Following Questions in Four Points:
(i) How does Vaccination help the human being?
Ans:

• Vaccination helps the human body build immunity against diseases by introducing a weakened or inactive form of the disease-causing germ. This trains the immune system to recognize and fight the germ if it encounters it again, preventing illness.
• It reduces the chances of getting sick or experiencing severe symptoms if exposed to the disease.
• Vaccination also helps in controlling and eradicating dangerous diseases from spreading in communities.
• It protects not only individuals but also others who cannot be vaccinated due to health reasons.

(ii) Write a short note on Surgery.
Ans: 

• Surgery is a medical procedure where doctors use instruments to treat injuries, diseases, and disorders by physically altering the body's tissues.
• It can be performed for various purposes, such as removing tumors, repairing injuries, or correcting deformities.
• Surgery is often done in a hospital operating room under anesthesia to ensure the patient feels no pain during the procedure.
• It requires skilled surgeons and a team of healthcare professionals to ensure the safety and success of the operation.

(iii) Suggest ways to remain healthy.
Ans: 

• Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Exercise regularly to keep your body strong and fit.
• Wash your hands frequently to prevent the spread of germs.
• Get enough sleep to allow your body to rest and recharge.
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
• Visit your doctor for regular check-ups and vaccinations to stay on top of your health.