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Microorganisms as Our Friends Video Lecture | Science Class 8

FAQs on Microorganisms as Our Friends Video Lecture - Science Class 8

1. What are microorganisms and why are they considered our friends?

Ans. Microorganisms are tiny living organisms that are not visible to the naked eye, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. They are considered our friends because they play important roles in our daily lives. For example, some microorganisms are used in the production of food and beverages like cheese, yogurt, and bread. They also help in the breakdown of organic matter and recycle nutrients in the environment. Additionally, microorganisms are used in medicine to produce antibiotics and other drugs that help combat diseases.

2. How do microorganisms benefit us in agriculture?

Ans. Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture. They help in decomposing organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, and release nutrients into the soil. This process is called decomposition. Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi also form a symbiotic relationship with plants, providing them with essential nutrients like nitrogen. Some microorganisms, such as Rhizobium bacteria, form nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of leguminous plants, enabling them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants. Overall, microorganisms contribute to soil fertility, plant growth, and crop productivity in agriculture.

3. Can microorganisms harm us?

Ans. While many microorganisms are beneficial, some can indeed harm us. Pathogenic microorganisms, such as certain bacteria, viruses, and fungi, can cause diseases in humans and animals. These diseases range from common infections like the flu or a cold to more severe illnesses like tuberculosis or AIDS. It is important to maintain good hygiene practices, such as washing hands regularly, to prevent the transmission of harmful microorganisms. Additionally, proper food handling and preparation can help minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses caused by microorganisms.

4. How are microorganisms used in wastewater treatment?

Ans. Microorganisms play a vital role in wastewater treatment processes. In the initial stages, microorganisms are used to break down organic matter in the wastewater into simpler compounds. This process is called biodegradation. Bacteria and other microorganisms help convert organic pollutants into carbon dioxide, water, and other harmless substances. In the later stages, microorganisms like algae are employed to remove nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater through a process called biological nutrient removal. Overall, microorganisms help in purifying wastewater and making it safe for release into the environment.

5. What are some examples of beneficial microorganisms in our bodies?

Ans. Our bodies harbor a wide range of beneficial microorganisms that contribute to our overall health. These include the gut microbiota, which consists of various bacteria and fungi that aid in digestion, nutrient absorption, and the synthesis of vitamins. Some bacteria also help in the production of short-chain fatty acids that provide energy to the cells lining our intestines. Additionally, certain beneficial bacteria help in boosting our immune system and protecting us from harmful pathogens. Examples of such bacteria include lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, which are commonly found in probiotic foods and supplements.

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Sep 23, 2025 Last updated

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