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Structure of Atom (Part - 1) Video Lecture - Class 11

FAQs on Structure of Atom (Part - 1) Video Lecture - Class 11

1. What is the structure of an atom?
Ans. The structure of an atom consists of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons that orbit the nucleus. The nucleus is positively charged due to the presence of protons, while the electrons carry a negative charge. The majority of the atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus, with the electrons occupying a large volume of space around it.
2. What are protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Ans. Protons are subatomic particles with a positive charge that are found within the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons, on the other hand, are neutral particles that also reside in the nucleus. Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in various energy levels or shells. They are much smaller and lighter than protons and neutrons.
3. How are protons, neutrons, and electrons arranged within an atom?
Ans. Protons and neutrons are tightly packed within the nucleus at the center of an atom. The number of protons determines the element to which the atom belongs, while the sum of protons and neutrons gives the atom's mass number. Electrons are arranged in specific energy levels or shells surrounding the nucleus. The innermost shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, while the subsequent shells can hold up to 8 electrons each.
4. What is the significance of the atomic structure?
Ans. The atomic structure is significant as it determines the chemical and physical properties of an element. The number of protons in the nucleus defines the atomic number, which is unique to each element and determines its position in the periodic table. The arrangement of electrons in the energy levels affects the reactivity and bonding behavior of elements. Understanding the atomic structure helps in predicting the behavior of elements and their compounds.
5. How was the structure of an atom discovered?
Ans. The discovery of the structure of an atom is credited to various scientists. J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode rays led to the identification of electrons and the proposal of the "plum pudding" model. Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrated the existence of a small, positively charged nucleus within the atom and a mostly empty space surrounding it. Later, Niels Bohr's model introduced the concept of electrons orbiting the nucleus in specific energy levels. These experiments and models collectively contributed to our understanding of atomic structure.
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