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Fugacity expressions for pure gases
Fugacity coefficient (and hence fugacity) of pure gases may be conveniently evaluated by applying eqn. 6.80 to a volume-explicit equation of state. The truncated virial EOS is an example of the latter type, for which the compressibility factor of pure species (i) is given by:
Thus, on using eqn. 6.80: 
Hence, 
...(6.98)
Derivation of fugacity coefficient expression for cubic EOS: Starting from eqn. 5.38:
...(6.99)
...(6.100)
Using Eqn. 6.100 in 6.99:
On simplifying:
...(6.101)
Here: V∞ = molar volume at P → 0, orV∞ = ideal gas volume
Therefore: V / V∞ = Z ...(6.102)
Using eqn. 6.102 in 6.101 one arrives at:
...(6.103)
Equation 6.103 is a generalized expression for obtaining pure component fugacity from a pressure explicit EOS. We show below the expressions for fugacity coefficients that derive on application of the above equation to various cubic EOSs. (The reader may refer to section 2.3.3 for various forms of cubic
EOS).
VdW EOS:
...(6.104)
RK-EOS:
...(6.105)
SRK EOS:
...(6.106)
PR-EOS:
...(6.107)
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FAQs on Fugacity Expressions for Pure Gases - Additional Documents & Tests for Civil Engineering (CE)
| 1. What is fugacity and why is it important in civil engineering? |  |
| 2. How is fugacity different from pressure in civil engineering applications? | |
Ans. Fugacity is different from pressure because it takes into account the non-ideal behavior of gases, whereas pressure assumes ideal gas behavior. Fugacity considers factors like intermolecular interactions and deviations from ideal gas laws, making it a more accurate measure of a gas's tendency to leave or enter a system. In civil engineering, fugacity provides a more comprehensive understanding of gas behavior, especially in situations where pressure alone may not accurately represent the gas's behavior.
| 3. Can fugacity be directly measured in civil engineering projects? | |
Ans. No, fugacity cannot be directly measured in civil engineering projects. Unlike pressure, fugacity is not directly measurable with standard instruments. Instead, it is calculated using thermodynamic models and equations, such as the Van der Waals equation of state or the Redlich-Kwong equation. These models consider factors like temperature, pressure, and molecular interactions to estimate fugacity. Therefore, engineers and researchers need to rely on these calculations to determine fugacity values for various gases in civil engineering applications.
| 4. How does fugacity affect the design of ventilation systems in buildings? | |
Ans. Fugacity plays a crucial role in the design of ventilation systems in buildings. By considering the fugacity of gases, engineers can accurately predict the movement and behavior of pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), within a building. This information helps in determining the appropriate air exchange rates, filtration requirements, and overall system design. Fugacity calculations also aid in identifying potential sources of indoor air pollution and implementing effective mitigation strategies.
| 5. Are fugacity calculations only relevant for air pollutants in civil engineering? | |
Ans. No, fugacity calculations are not limited to air pollutants in civil engineering. While fugacity is often applied to the assessment of air quality and the design of ventilation systems, it can also be used to study the behavior of gases in other civil engineering applications. For example, fugacity calculations are important in geotechnical engineering to understand gas migration in soil and landfills. They are also relevant in the design and analysis of gas distribution systems, such as natural gas pipelines.
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