Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download


C3.4 Frames and Machines

Frames are structures that consist of several members connected via pins. They are very similar to trusses, except that some members are multi-force members. Basically it’s a fancy way of saying they are not two-force members (trusses are), because of additional forces acting on it. Here’s an example:

Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE)Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE)

Machines are basically devices used to transmit forces. A good example is the plier. Notice that the plier consists of two members connected by a pin in the centre:

Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE)Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE)

In this section, we seek to analyse the forces acting in frames and machines. The main strategy of tackling problems in this section is to:

  1. Separate the frame/machine into its individual members.
  2. Apply the x- and y- action-reaction pairs at the pin joints, and solve for the

A quick example of these steps performed on a plier is shown below:

Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE) 

The document Frames & Machines | Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE) is a part of the Civil Engineering (CE) Course Engineering Mechanics.
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FAQs on Frames & Machines - Engineering Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE)

1. What is a frame in mechanical engineering?
Ans. In mechanical engineering, a frame refers to a structure composed of rigid components, such as beams and columns, that are connected together to provide stability and support. Frames are commonly used in various applications, including buildings, bridges, and machines.
2. What are the main types of frames used in mechanical engineering?
Ans. There are several types of frames used in mechanical engineering, including: - Rigid Frames: These frames consist of interconnected members that do not deform when subjected to loads. - Truss Frames: Truss frames are made up of triangular elements connected by joints, providing stability and strength. - Space Frames: Space frames are three-dimensional structures composed of interconnected members forming a grid-like pattern. - Portal Frames: Portal frames are commonly used in buildings and bridges, consisting of vertical columns and horizontal beams connected to form a rigid structure.
3. How are frames analyzed in mechanical engineering?
Ans. Frames in mechanical engineering are typically analyzed using structural analysis techniques, such as the method of joints or the method of sections. These methods involve breaking down the frame into smaller sections and analyzing the forces and moments acting on each component. Computer-aided analysis software is often used to simplify and expedite the calculations.
4. What is a machine in mechanical engineering?
Ans. In mechanical engineering, a machine refers to a device or mechanism that uses energy to perform a specific task or work. Machines can be simple, such as a lever or pulley, or complex, such as an engine or robot. They are designed to convert input energy into a desired output, often through a series of mechanical components and systems.
5. How are machines classified in mechanical engineering?
Ans. Machines in mechanical engineering can be classified based on various factors, including their function, power source, and operation. Some common classifications include: - Simple Machines: These are basic mechanical devices, such as levers, pulleys, and inclined planes, that provide a mechanical advantage to perform work. - Prime Movers: Prime movers are machines that convert various forms of energy, such as electrical or chemical energy, into mechanical energy. Examples include engines and turbines. - Kinematic Machines: Kinematic machines focus on the movement and motion of components, such as robots and manipulators. - Continuous Machines: Continuous machines operate continuously without interruption, such as pumps or generators. - Discrete Machines: Discrete machines operate in a cyclic or intermittent manner, such as machine tools or conveyor systems.
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