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- Every factory should be kept dean and free from effluvia arising from any drain, privy or other nuisance. {Section 11}
- Effective arrangements should be made in every factory for the treatment and effluents due to the manufacturing process carried on therein, so as to render them innocuous, and for their disposal. {Section12}
- Effective and suitable provisions should be made in every factory for securing and maintaining in every workroom; adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air; and such a temperatures will secure to workers therein reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health. {Section 13}
- Effective measures should be taken to prevent inhalation of dust to prevent inhalation of dust and fume that may produce in the course of manufacturing process. {Section 14}
- In any factory where the humidity of air is artificially increased, the State Government may make rules prescribing standards of humidification; regulating the methods used for artificially increasing humidity of the air; and directing prescribed test for determining the humidity of the air to be correctly carried out and recorded; and prescribing methods to be adopted for securing adequate ventilation and cooling of the air in the workrooms. {Section 1S}
- No room in any factory should lie overcrowded to an extent injurious to the health of the workers employed therein. {Section 16}
- In every part of a factory where workers are working or passing, there should be provided and maintained sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or artificial, or both. {Section 17}
- In every factory effective arrangements should be made to provide and maintain at suitable points conveniently' situated for all workers employed therein a sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water. {Section 18}
- In every factory sufficient latrine and urinal accommodation of prescribed types should be provided conveniently situated and accessible to workers, separately for male and female workers, at all times while they are at the factory. {Section 19}
- In every factory there should be provided a sufficient number of spittoons in convenient places and they shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition. {Section 20}
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| 1. What is the Indian Factories Act (1948) and how does it relate to provisions for health in factories? |  |
Ans. The Indian Factories Act (1948) is a legislation that regulates the working conditions in factories in India. It includes provisions for the health and safety of workers, aiming to prevent accidents and occupational diseases. This Act establishes guidelines for maintaining cleanliness, ventilation, lighting, and temperature control in factories, ensuring the overall well-being of workers.
| 2. What are some of the key provisions for health under the Indian Factories Act (1948)? | |
Ans. The Indian Factories Act (1948) includes several provisions for health in factories. Some of the key provisions are:
- Cleanliness: The Act requires factories to maintain cleanliness in the workplace, including the removal of waste and effluents.
- Ventilation: Adequate ventilation is necessary to provide fresh air and prevent the accumulation of dust, fumes, or other harmful substances.
- Lighting: Sufficient lighting is mandated to ensure proper visibility and prevent eye strain or accidents.
- Temperature control: The Act sets standards for maintaining a comfortable temperature in the workplace, preventing extreme heat or cold.
- Drinking water: Clean and potable drinking water should be provided for workers, ensuring their hydration and well-being.
| 3. What are the penalties for non-compliance with the provisions for health under the Indian Factories Act (1948)? | |
Ans. Non-compliance with the provisions for health under the Indian Factories Act (1948) can lead to penalties. The Act empowers the authorities to impose fines or imprisonment for violations. The penalties may vary depending on the severity of the offense and can range from monetary fines to imprisonment for the responsible individuals or factory owners. Repeat offenses or serious violations may result in the closure of the factory.
| 4. How does the Indian Factories Act (1948) contribute to the overall well-being of workers in factories? | |
Ans. The Indian Factories Act (1948) plays a crucial role in ensuring the overall well-being of workers in factories. By providing provisions for health and safety, the Act helps prevent accidents, occupational diseases, and other health hazards. It establishes standards for cleanliness, ventilation, lighting, and temperature control, creating a safe and healthy working environment. This, in turn, improves the physical and mental well-being of workers, enhancing their productivity and quality of life.
| 5. Does the Indian Factories Act (1948) address any other aspects related to workers' health apart from the provisions mentioned? | |
Ans. Yes, the Indian Factories Act (1948) addresses other aspects related to workers' health apart from the provisions mentioned. The Act also includes provisions for the fencing of machinery, safety devices, and precautions for hazardous processes. It mandates the availability of first aid facilities and requires factories to appoint qualified medical practitioners. Additionally, the Act covers provisions for the welfare of workers, such as canteens, restrooms, and crèches for female workers. Overall, the Act aims to protect and promote the health and well-being of workers in various aspects.
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