Class 8 Exam > Class 8 Notes > English Class 8 > Principles of Nouns: Gender
Principles of Nouns: Gender | English Class 8 PDF Download
Genders
There are four genders:
- Masculine Gender: A noun that denotes a male person or animal is said to be of the masculine gender; e.g., tiger, emperor, prince, son, etc.
- Feminine Gender: A noun that denotes a female person or animal is said to be of the feminine gender; e.g., tigress, empress, princess, daughter, etc.
- Common Gender: A noun that denotes both a male and a female is said to be of the common gender; e.g., teacher, doctor, student, friend, parent, baby, etc.
- Neuter Gender: Any noun that denotes a non-living thing is said to be of the Neuter gender; e.g., table, television, pen, desk, house, temple, mosque, etc.
FORMATION OF FEMININE GENDER OF NOUNS
There are three ways in which masculine nouns can be changed into feminine nouns.
1. By adding –ess to the masculine:
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
author | authoress | host | hostess |
lion | lioness | giant | giantess |
poet | poetess | priest | priestess |
heir | heiress | shepherd | shepherdess |
Sometimes the form is slightly changed before adding –ess:
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
actor | actress | prince | princess |
tiger | tigress | emperor | empress |
duke | duchess | master | mistress |
god | goddess | waiter | waitress |
2. By using different words:
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
boy | girl | gentleman | lady |
man | woman | uncle | aunt |
father | mother | bull | cow |
brother | sister | horse | mare |
dog | bitch | lord | lady |
husband | wife | cock | hen |
king | queen | bachelor | maid |
sir | madam | nephew | niece |
son | daughter | monk | nun |
3. Feminines of compound nouns – We change the chief word of compound nouns:
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
grand-father | grand-mother | fisher-man | fisher-woman |
pea-cock | pea-hen | land-lord | land-lady |
he-goat | she-goat | cock-sparrow | hen-sparrow |
milk-man | milk-woman |
Note: Some more masculine and feminine forms of nouns:
- hero – heroine
- widower – widow
- bridegroom – bride
- Mr. – Mrs.
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FAQs on Principles of Nouns: Gender - English Class 8
| 1. What are the different genders of nouns in English? |  |
Ans. In English, nouns can be categorized into three main genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Masculine nouns refer to male entities (e.g., boy, man), feminine nouns refer to female entities (e.g., girl, woman), and neuter nouns refer to non-living things or those that do not have a specific gender (e.g., table, car).
| 2. How can I identify the gender of a noun? | |
Ans. To identify the gender of a noun, consider its meaning and context. Masculine nouns often denote male beings, while feminine nouns denote female beings. Neuter nouns typically refer to objects or concepts without gender. Additionally, some nouns have specific forms that indicate gender, like "actor" for males and "actress" for females.
| 3. Are there any exceptions to the rules of noun genders? | |
Ans. Yes, there are exceptions to noun genders. Some nouns are considered common gender, meaning they can refer to both males and females (e.g., teacher, doctor). Additionally, certain nouns may not fit neatly into masculine or feminine categories, and context can dictate their usage.
| 4. Why is it important to understand noun gender? | |
Ans. Understanding noun gender is important for proper communication and grammar. It helps in using pronouns correctly, forming agreements in sentences, and avoiding ambiguity. Recognizing gender can also enhance writing and speaking skills by allowing for more precise language use.
| 5. Can nouns change gender in different contexts? | |
Ans. Yes, some nouns can change gender depending on the context. For example, the word "parent" is gender-neutral and can refer to either a mother or a father. Additionally, certain professions have gender-specific terms (like "waiter" and "waitress"), but many modern usages prefer gender-neutral terms to promote inclusivity.
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