When converting direct speech into indirect speech, certain words that indicate time or place undergo changes. Here’s how these expressions change:
Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
this | that |
these | those |
now | then |
ago | before |
today | that day |
yesterday | the previous day, the day before |
tomorrow | the next day, the following day |
tonight | that night |
next week | the following week |
here | there |
(i) Direct : John said, “David will do this work”.
Indirect : John said that David would do that work.
(ii) Direct : He said, “These are my pens.”
Indirect : He said that those were his pens.
(iii) Direct : The teacher said, “Naveen, do this work now.”
Indirect : The teacher told Naveen to do that work then.
(iv) Direct : He said, “I met her two days ago.”
Indirect : He said that he had met her two days before.
(v) Direct : Sahib said, “My uncle will arrive here today.”
Indirect : Sahib said that his uncle would arrive there that day.
(vi) Direct : Priya said, “My teacher did not come yesterday.”
Indirect : Priya said that her teacher had not come the previous day.
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1. What are some common time expressions used in narration? | ![]() |
2. How can place expressions enhance storytelling? | ![]() |
3. What is the significance of using both time and place expressions in narration? | ![]() |
4. Can you give examples of how to effectively combine time and place in a narrative? | ![]() |
5. How do time and place expressions differ in written vs. spoken narration? | ![]() |