Syllabus: Science for Class 10 | Science Class 10 PDF Download

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus for 2024-2025  is provided in this EduRev document. This is the full syllabus that the board released at the beginning of the session.

• CBSE has announced for the session of 2024-25 that it will not conduct any Term I & Term II exams. Instead, the whole Science syllabus will be covered in the year-end board exam.
• In this session, the class 10 Science syllabus is divided into 5 units in total, and some of the chapters and topics are deleted as well.

General Instructions

1. There will be an Annual Examination based on the entire syllabus.

2. The total Theory Examinations will be of 80 marks and 20 marks of weightage shall be for internal assessment.  

3. Internal Assessment:

a. There will be a Periodic Assessment that would include:

• For 5 marks: Three periodic tests will be conducted by the school. The average of the best two tests to be taken will have a weightage of 05 marks towards the final result.
• For 5 marks: diverse methods of assessment as per the needs of the class dynamics and curriculum transaction. These may include short tests, oral tests, quiz, concept maps, projects, posters, presentations and enquiry based scientific investigations etc. and use rubrics to argue them objectively. This will also have a weightage of 05 marks towards the final result.

b. Practical/laboratory work should be done throughout the year and the student should maintain a record of the same. Practical assessment should be continuous. There will be a weightage of 5 marks towards the final result. All practicals listed in the syllabus must be completed.

c. Portfolio to be prepared by the student: This would include classwork and other samples of student work and will carry a weightage of 5 marks towards the final results.

CBSE Class 10 Science Evaluation Scheme (Annual Examination)

Course Structure 

All of the chapters are available on EduRev and follow the CBSE curriculum for 2024-2025. The science curriculum for class X is provided below, along with all the chapter notes, tests, and videos that will aid in your preparation.

Theme: Materials

• Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
  Chemical Reactions: Chemical Equation; Balanced Chemical Equation; Implications of a Balanced Chemical Equation; Types of Chemical Reactions: Combination, Decomposition, Displacement, Double Displacement, Precipitation, Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions, Oxidation, and Reduction.
• Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
  Acids, Bases, and Salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions; General Properties, Examples and Uses; Neutralization; Concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required); Importance of pH in everyday life; Preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide; Bleaching powder; Baking Soda; Washing Soda and Plaster of Paris.

• Chapter 3: Metals and Non–Metals
  Metals and Non-Metals: Properties of Metals and Non-Metals; Reactivity Series; Formation and Properties of Ionic Compounds; Basic Metallurgical Processes; Corrosion and its Prevention.
• Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds
  Carbon Compounds: Covalent bonding in Carbon Compounds; Versatile nature of carbon; Homologous series; Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes); the difference between Saturated Hydrocarbons and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons; Chemical properties of Carbon Compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition, and substitution reactions); Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses); Soaps and Detergents.

Theme: The World of the Living

• Chapter 5: Life Processes
  Life Processes: ‘Living Being’. The basic concepts of nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion in plants and animals.
• Chapter 6: Control & Coordination
  Control and Co-ordination in Animals and Plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and Co-ordination in Animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, Involuntary, and Reflex Action; Chemical Coordination: Animal Hormones.

• Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce?
  Reproduction: Reproduction in Animals and Plants (Asexual and Sexual); Reproductive Health-Need and Methods of Family Planning; Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS; Childbearing and Women’s Health.
• Chapter 8: Heredity and Evolution
  Heredity: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution-Laws for Inheritance of Traits: Sex Determination: Brief introduction;  (topics excluded - evolution; evolution and classification; and evolution should not be equated with progress).

Theme: Natural Phenomena

• Chapter 9: Light - Reflection and Refraction
  Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors; Center of curvature, Principal Axis, Principal Focus, Focal Length, Mirror Formula (Derivation not required), Magnification; Refraction; Laws of Refraction, Refractive Index; Refraction of light by the spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens Formula (Derivation not required); Magnification; Power of a lens.
• Chapter 10: Human Eye and Colorful World
  Functioning of a lens in Human Eye, Defects of Vision and their Corrections, Applications of spherical mirrors and lenses.
  Refraction of light through a Prism, Dispersion of Light, Scattering of light, Applications in daily life. (Excluding the colour of the sun at sunrise and sunset).

Theme: How Things Work?

• Chapter 11: Electricity
  Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends; Series combination of Resistors, Parallel Combination of Resistors and its Applications in daily life; Heating effect of Electric Current and its Applications in daily life; Electric Power; Interrelation between P, V, I and R.

• Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Current
  Magnetic Effects of Current: Magnetic Field, Field Lines, Field Due to a Current-Carrying Conductor, Field Due to a Current-Carrying Coil or Solenoid, Force on Current-Carrying Conductor, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic Induction; Induced Potential Difference, Induced Current; Fleming’s Right Hand Rule, Direct Current; Alternating Current: Frequency of AC; Advantages of AC over DC; Domestic Electric Circuits.

Theme: Natural Resources

• Chapter 13: Our Environment
  Our environment: Eco-system; Environmental problems; Ozone depletion; Waste Production and their Solutions. Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Substances.  

Only for Internal Assessment

The chapter Management of Natural Resources (NCERT Chapter 16) will not be assessed in the year-end examination. However, learners may be assigned to read this chapter and encouraged to prepare a brief write-up to any concept of this chapter in their Portfolio. This may be for Internal Assessment and credit may be given to Periodic Assessment/Portfolio).

Note: The NCERT textbooks present information in boxes across the book. These help students to get conceptual clarity. However, the information in these boxes would not be assessed in the year-end examination.

Practical's

Practical's should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes.

List of Experiments

with: Unit-I (Chapter - 2)

(i) Litmus solution (Blue/Red)

(ii) Zinc metal

(iii) Solid sodium carbonate

2. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into: Unit-I (Chapter-1) 

A. Combination reaction

B. Decomposition reaction

C. Displacement reaction

D. Double displacement reaction

(i) Action of water on quicklime

(ii) Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals

(iii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution

(iv) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions              

3. (A) Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Al metals on the following salt solutions: Unit-I: (Chapter - 2)
(i) ZnSO₄(aq)
(ii) FeSO₄(aq)
(iii) CuSO₄(aq)
(iv) Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq)

B. Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu, and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result. Unit-I :(Chapter - 3) 

4. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determining its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I. Unit-IV: (Chapter - 12)

5. Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and parallel. Unit-IV (Chapter - 12)

6. Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata. Unit-II (Practical)

7. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.  Unit-II (Chapter - 6)

8. Study of the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid): Unit-I (Chapter - 2)
(i) Odour
(ii) solubility in water
(iii) effect on litmus
(iv) reaction with Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

9. Study of the comparative cleaning capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water. Unit-I

10. Determination of the focal length of (i) Concave mirror and (ii) Convex lens by obtaining the image of a distant object.  Unit-III: (Chapter - 10) 

11. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result.  Unit-III: (Chapter - 10) 

12. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with the help of prepared slides. Unit-II: (Chapter - 8) 

13. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism. Unit-III: (Chapter - 11) 

14. Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney

bean). Unit-II (Chapter - 8)

NCERT Textbooks to be Referred

• Science-Text book for class X- NCERT Publication
• Assessment of Practical Skills in Science- Class X- CBSE Publication
• Laboratory Manual-Science-Class X, NCERT Publication
• Exemplar Problems Class X – NCERT Publication