Commerce Exam  >  Commerce Notes  >  Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12  >  Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital

Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital | Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12 - Commerce PDF Download

Interest on capital Accounting treatment

· P & L appropriation a/c Dr. side
· Capital / current a/c Cr. Side


Journal entry

Entry for Interest on Capital :—
(i) On allowing Interest on Capital :
      Interest on Capital A/c                                             Dr.
      To Partner’s Capital A/c
     (Interest on Capital at ....% p.a.)
(ii) On closure of Interest on Capital A/c :
          Profit & Loss Appropriation A/c                            Dr.
          To Interest on Capital A/c

Methods for interest on capital
Direct method 
Interest on capital = capital X ROI/100 X M/12

Example – A was having a capital of Rs.3,00,000 on 1st april 2014. During the year A introduced Rs.1,00,000 as additional capital on 1st December 2014.

Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution
For 8months (from 1april to 1december)
Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital | Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12 - Commerce
For 4months (from 1december to 31march)-
Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital | Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12 - Commerce
Total= 24,000 + 16,000 = 40,000

Product method 
Interest on capital = total capital X ROI/100 X 1/12

Example – A was having a capital of Rs.3,00,000 on 1st april 2014. During the year A introduced Rs.1,00,000 as additional capital on 1st December 2014.

Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution-

Amount

Months

Product

3,00,000

8

24,00,000

4,00,000

4

16,00,000


Total capital

40,00,000


Interest on capital = Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital | Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12 - Commerce

CASE 1

A & B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ration of 3:2 with capitals of Rs.3,00,000 and Rs.2,00,000 on 1st april 2014. Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution –

A’s Interest on capital = 3,00,000 ∗ 12/100 = 36,000  B’s Interest on capital = 2,00,000 ∗ 12/100 = 24,000

CASE 2

A & B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ration of 3:2 with capitals of Rs.3,00,000 and Rs.2,00,000 on 1st april 2014. During the year A introduced Rs.1,00,000 as additional capital on 1st December 2014 and B had withdrawn Rs.50,000 from his capital on 31st dec 2014.  Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution 
A’s Interest on capital = 40,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 40,000

Amount

Months

Product

3,00,000

8

24,00,000

4,00,000

4

16,00,000


Total capital

40,00,000


B’s Interest on capital = 22,50,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 22,500

Amount

Months

Product

2,00,000

9

18,00,000

1,50,000

3

4,50,000


Total capital

22,50,000


CASE 3

A,B & C are partners sharing profits and losses in the ration of 3:2:1 with capitals of Rs.3,00,000, Rs.2,00,000 and Rs.2,00,000 on 1st april 2014. During the year A & B both had introduced Rs.1,00,000 as additional capital on 1st October 2014 , B had withdrawn Rs.50,000 from his capital and C had introduced Rs.1,00,000 as additional capital on 31st dec 2014.  Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution-
A’s Interest on capital = 42,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 42,000

Amount

Months

Product

3,00,000

6

18,00,000

4,00,000

6

24,00,000


Total capital

42,00,000


B’s Interest on capital = 28,50,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 28,500

Amount

Months 

Product

2,00,000

6

12,00,000

3,00,000

3

9,00,000

2,50,000

3

7,50,000


Total capital

28,50,000


C’s Interest on capital = 27,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 27,000

Amount

Months

Product

2,00,000

9

18,00,000

3,00,000

3

9,00,000


Total capital

27,00,000


CASE 4

A & B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ration of 3:2 with capitals of Rs.3,00,000 and Rs.5,00,000 on 1st april 2014. On 30th September they decided to adjust their capital in their ratio by bringing or withdrawing in cash. Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution-
For adjustment add the capitals of A & B
Step 1 Find the Total capital of the firm = A +B (3,00,000+ 5,00,000)= 8,00,000
Step 2 divide the total capital in their profit sharing ratio i.e. 3:2 

A’s share = 8,00,000 X 3/5 = 4,80,000
B’s share = 8,00,000 X 2/5 = 3,20,000
Step 3 Find surplus and deficit = old capital – new capital 
A = 3,00,000 – 4,80,000 = -1,80,000 (deficit)
B = 5,00,000 – 3,20,000 = 1,80,000 (surplus)

A’s Interest on capital = 46,80,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 46,800

Amount

Months

Product

3,00,000

6

18,00,000

4,80,000

6

28,80,000


Total capital

46,80,000


B’s Interest on capital = 49,20,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 49,200

Amount

Months

Product

5,00,000

6

30,00,000

3,20,000

6

19,20,000


Total capital

49,20,000 


CASE 5

A & B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ration of 3:2 with capitals of Rs.3,00,000 and Rs.5,00,000 on 1st april 2014. On 31th December they decided to fix their capital at Rs.10,00,000 and decided to adjust this in their profit sharing ratio by bringing or withdrawing in cash. Provide interest on capital to the partners @ 12% p.a. for the year ending on 31st march 2015.

Solution-
Step 1 Find the Total capital of the firm =10,00,000 (given)
Step 2 divide the total capital in their profit sharing ratio i.e. 3:2
 
A’s share = 10,00,000 X 3/5 = 6,00,000
B’s share = 10,00,000 X 2/5 = 4,00,000
Step 3 Find surplus and deficit = old capital – new capital 
A = 3,00,000 – 6,00,000 = -3,00,000 (deficit)
B = 5,00,000 – 4,00,000 = 1,00,000 (surplus)

A’s Interest on capital = 45,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 45,000

Amount

Months

Product

3,00,000

9

27,00,000

6,00,000

3

18,00,000


Total capital

45,00,000


B’s Interest on capital =  57,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 57,000

Amount

Months

Product

5,00,000

9

45,00,000

4,00,000

3

12,00,000


Total capital

57,00,000


CASE 6
A and B started partnership business on April 01, 2006 with capitals of Rs. 2,50,000 and Rs.1,50,000, respectively. On October 01, 2006, they decided that their capitals should be Rs. 2,00,000 each. The necessary adjustments in the capitals are made by introducing or withdrawing cash. Interest on capital is to be allowed @ 12% p.a. Calculate interest on capital as on March 31, 2007.

Solution
A’s Interest on capital = 27,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 27,000

Amount

Months

Product

2,50,000

6

15,00,000

2,00,000

6

12,00,000


Total capital

27,00,000


B’s Interest on capital =  21,00,000 ∗ 1/12 ∗ 12/100 = 21,000

Amount

Months

Product

1,50,000

6

9,00,000

2,00,000

6

12,00,000


Total capital

21,00,000


CASE 7

On March 31, 2006 after the close of accounts, the capitals of A, B and C stood in the books of the firm at Rs. 4,00,000, Rs.3,00,000 and Rs. 2,00,000, respectively. Subsequently, it was discovered that the interest on capital @ 10% p.a. had been omitted. The profit for the year amounted to Rs. 1,50,000 and the partner’s drawings had been A: Rs. 20,000, B Rs. 15,000 and C Rs. 10,000.Calculate interest on capital.
Solution-

Find opening capital of the firm (as interest on capital is always allowed on the opening capitals) Profits should be divided in the profit sharing ratio
Opening capital = closing capital –profits + drawings
Opening capital of A = 4,00,000 – 50,000 + 20,000 = 3,70,000
                                 B= 3,00,000 – 50,000 + 15,000 = 2,65,000

                                 C= 2,00,000 – 50,000 +10,000 = 1,60,000

A’s Interest on capital = 3,70,000 ∗ 10/100 = 37,000  
B’s Interest on capital = 2,65,000 ∗ 10/100 = 26,500
C’s Interest on capital = 1,60,000 ∗ 10/100 = 16,000

The document Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital | Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12 - Commerce is a part of the Commerce Course Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12.
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FAQs on Interest on Capital & Methods for Interest on Capital - Crash Course of Accountancy - Class 12 - Commerce

1. What is interest on capital in commerce?
Ans. Interest on capital in commerce refers to the amount of money earned or paid for the use of capital in a business. It is the compensation provided to the owner of the capital for allowing their money to be used by the business for investment or other financial purposes.
2. How is interest on capital calculated?
Ans. Interest on capital can be calculated by multiplying the rate of interest by the amount of capital invested. The formula for calculating interest on capital is: Interest on Capital = Rate of Interest x Capital Invested.
3. What are the methods for calculating interest on capital in commerce?
Ans. There are two common methods for calculating interest on capital in commerce: 1. Simple Interest Method: In this method, interest is calculated based on the original amount of capital invested without considering any additional investments or withdrawals during the given period. 2. Compound Interest Method: This method takes into account the additional investments or withdrawals made during the given period and calculates interest on the total amount of capital at the end of each time period.
4. Why is interest on capital important in commerce?
Ans. Interest on capital is important in commerce as it helps determine the profitability of an investment or business. It serves as a measure of the return on capital invested and helps businesses in making financial decisions related to investments, loans, and expansion plans. It also compensates the owner of the capital for the opportunity cost of investing their money in a business rather than other alternatives.
5. Can interest on capital be deducted as an expense in business?
Ans. Yes, interest on capital can be deducted as an expense in business. It is treated as a business expense and is deducted from the business's taxable income, reducing the overall tax liability. However, it is important to note that the deductibility of interest on capital may vary based on the tax laws and regulations of the specific country or jurisdiction.
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