Ques 1: Define active flexibility.
Ans: Active flexibility focuses on improving soft tissue extensibility and increasing neuromuscular control. It includes foam rolling (self- myofascial release) as well as active - isolated stretching.
Ques 2: What is a bye?
Ans: A bye refers to a dummy team that does not play in the first round but participates in the IInd round. The number of bytes in a fixture is the actual difference between the teams participating in the tournament and the next highest number which is the power of 2.
Ques 3: What do you understand by social environment in sports?
Ans: Environment is the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. It is the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.
Ques 4: What is the correct posture?
Ans: Posture is the position of the body or body parts, the relative placement of body parts to each other, or an individual's general carriage or bearing. Posture is the way people hold their bodies upright against the downward pull of gravity. Proper alignment of the spine is necessary for good posture. The spine is not straight; it has three curves, bending inward at the neck, curving slightly out at the upper back and in again at the lower back.
Ques 5: Define a balanced diet.
Ans: Eating a balanced diet means choosing a wide variety of foods and drinks from all the food groups. It also means eating certain things in moderation, namely saturated fat, Trans fat, cholesterol, refined sugar, salt and alcohol. The goal is to take in nutrients you need for health at the recommended levels.
Ques 6: Explain Fartlek.
Ans: Fartlek, which means speed play in Swedish, is a training method that blends continuous training with interval training. The variable intensity and continuous nature of the exercise places stress on both the aerobic and anaerobic systems. It differs from traditional interval training in that it is unstructured; intensity and/or speed varies, as the athlete wishes.
Ques 7: Define sports psychology.
Ans: Sports psychology is the study of how psychology influences sports, athletic performance, exercise, and physical activity. Some sports psychologists work with professional athletes and coaches to improve performance and increase motivation.
Ques 8: Mention any two essential elements of positive sports environment.
Ans: Two essential elements of positive sports environment:
(i) Role of individual in improving sports environment: The individual can be a player, the captain of the team or sports captain of the school. They can motivate other students to play and participate in games and sports by telling them the benefits of sports. An individual can? play a very effective role in the improvement of sports environment tor prevention of sports related accidents. For this purpose a well-planned and coordinated programme should be designed to minimise the accidents in the field of sports,
(ii) Prevention of Sports related accidents: In this the Physical Education Teachers and Trainers/ Coaches play very important role. They shall see that there is no obstacle in the ground, 1 he ground is neat, clean and leveled. The training should be done in an organized manner. Extra attention should be given to injury oriented sports like Cricket, Hockey Football, Archery, Javelin Throw, Discus Throw, Shot-put etc. The Physical Education Teacher should be there to provide help at the time of injury or accident that may happen during the game.
Ques 9: What are the two methods of flexibility development?
Ans: (i) Warm-up before stretching: The very first thing you must do before stretching is a warm up jog, run, or bike to get loose. You don't have to run or bike that hard or far, but it is good to do at least 20 minutes of warm up before stretching.
(ii) Do dynamic stretching: Dynamic stretching includes motion and is meant to mimic and exaggerate the movements of actual exercise and daily motions.
Ques 10: Differentiate between State and Trait Anxiety.
Ans: State anxiety is characterised by a state of heightened emotions that develop in response to fear or danger of a particular situation. State anxiety can contribute to a degree of physical and mental paralysis, preventing performance of a task or where performance is severely affected, such as forgetting movements during a dance or gymnastics routine to breaking in sprint or swim starts or missing relatively easy shots at goal i.e. pressure situations.
Trait anxiety refers to a general level of stress that is characteristic of an individual, that is, a trait related to personality. Trait anxiety varies according to how individuals have conditioned themselves to respond to and manage the stress.
Ques 11: What is the role of spectators in creating a positive sports environment? Explain.
Ans: Positive sports environment is the condition and circumstances which are favorable and beneficial for the sportspersons who perform sports activities. Behavior and attitude of the spectators towards coaches, players and officials should be positive. They should not pass any negative comment towards players, referee, umpire and any other game officials. They should not indulge them in any type of violence. They should try to motivate the players so that they may put up better performance. In this way the spectators can play a vital role for creating positive sports environment.
Ques 12: Explain any two methods for speed development.
Ans: Speed means the velocity with which an individual can execute his movements in other words, it means the capacity of moving a body part or the whole body with the greatest possible velocity. For example, the movements of a smashers arm in volleyball, has the maximum speed or velocity at the time of smashing the volley ball. The following methods are usually adopted for the development of speed in sprinting events.
(1) Acceleration runs: These are usually adopted to develop speed, specially in attaining maximum speed from stationary position. It should be kept in mind that the technique of any event should be learned in the beginning. Only then, we should switch over to acceleration runs.
(2) Pace Races: It means, running the whole distance of a race at a constant speed. In pace races, an athlete runs the uniform speed. Generally 800 meters and above races are included in pace races.
Ques 13: Prepare a fixture for 21 teams on a knock out basis.
Ans:
Ques 14: Suggest five exercises as corrective measures for Round Shoulders.
Ans: These stretches, yoga poses and exercises are very important to work into your regular training program for improved posture and to combat rounded shoulders.
(i) Back bound hand pose
(ii) Shoulder squeeze
(iii) Cow face pose
(iv) Baby cobra pose
(v) Bridge pose
Ques 15: Explain any five essential elements of diet.
Ans: Some sources state that sixteen chemical elements are required to support human biochemical processes by serving structural and functional roles. However, as many as 26 elements in total (including the common hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen) are suggested to be used by mammals, as a result of studies of biochemical, special uptake, and metabolic handling studies. However, many of these additional elements have no well-defined biochemical function known at present. Most of the known and suggested dietary elements are of relatively low atomic weight, and are reasonably common on land, or at least, common in the ocean (iodine, sodium).
5 most essential elements are:
(i) Calcium
(ii) Iron
(iii) Iodine
(iv) Vitamins
(v) Carbohydrates
