Class 5 Science - Safety and First Aid - Question Answers

Q1: What steps should be taken if someone has swallowed a poisonous substance?
Ans: If someone is poisoned, make them vomit if you can and take them to the doctor right away. It's also important to find out what caused the poisoning and tell the doctor about it.

Q2: Why should we not operate any electrical switches when there is a gas leak?
Ans: We should avoid using any electrical switches if there is a gas leak because turning them on or off can create sparks. Since gas fumes can easily catch fire, even a tiny spark from a switch can start a big fire.

Q3: What should be done if a person’s clothing catches fire?
Ans: If a person's clothes catch fire, they should roll on the floor to help put out the flames quickly. One effective way to extinguish the fire is by covering them with a woollen blanket, which cuts off the oxygen that fuels the fire. Water can also help put out the flames, but it's important not to use water if the fire is caused by electricity, as that can be dangerous.

Q4: What is a fracture? What should be done in case of fracture?
Ans:A break or crack in a bone is called a fracture. The broken area should not be moved, and the person should be taken to the hospital right away. For instance, if someone has a fractured arm, you can use a cloth sling to keep it still.

Q5: How can fire hazards be prevented?
Ans: The ways to prevent fire hazards are:

1. We should be very careful while handling fire.
2. Electrical appliances and wiring should be checked regularly for faults or breaks in the plastic coverings of the wires.
3. Synthetic clothes like nylon should not be worn while burning, handling fire or cooking as synthetic clothes can catch fire easily.
4. In case of a gas leak, all the doors and windows should be opened. No one should strike a match or operate any electrical switches in such a case because electrical switches generate sparks while being switched on and off. Faulty gas pipes should also be replaced.

Q6: Explain how we put out different kinds of fires.
Ans: Different kinds of fires can be put out in the following ways:

1. Major fire: The nearest fire station should be informed. Firefighters put out fires with the help of their fire engines. 

2. Fire due to electric faults: This fire is never put out using water because electricity can flow through water. Such fires are put using sand or fire extinguishers.

3. Fire from petrol: This type of fire can also be put out using sand.

Q7: Define first aid. What first aid should be given to a person with minor burns?
Ans: The first help given to injured people before they go to the hospital is called first aid. For minor burns, you should hold the burned area under cool running water for a while. Then, you can apply antiseptic cream or a paste made of baking soda and water to the burn.
Minor burnQ8: What is rabies? How can you give immediate help to a person in case of an animal bite?
Ans: Rabies is a disease that can happen after an animal bite. If someone gets bitten, you should wash the wound with running water and cover it with a clean bandage. Then, take the person to the hospital right away. For bee stings, you can apply a paste of baking soda or toothpaste. For wasp stings, use vinegar or lemon juice.

Animal bite