Short Questions With Answers - Sports and Nutrition | Physical Education Class 12(XII) - Notes & Model Test Papers - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

Q.1. Mention the types of carbohydrates?

Ans. Two types simple & complex.

Q.2. List down simple types of carbohydrates?

Ans. Glucose, Galactose, Fructose, Maltose, Sucrose lactose.

Q.3. State complex carbohydrates types?

Ans. Starch, Glycogen, Dextine, Cellulose are the types of complex

carbohydrates.

Q.4. How many amino acids are found in proteins?

Ans. 23 amino acids and 9 are essential for us.

Q.5. State two Non Nutritive components of Diet?

Ans. Water & Fibers of Roughage colored, flavored.

Q.6. Which type of vitamin B is found in diet?

Ans. Vit. B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, = 6 Vit. B.

Q.7. Mention two diseases that come from a deficiency of protein?

Ans. Kwashiorkor and Marasmus.

Q.8. Name the macro minerals which should be part of our diet?

Ans. Calcium, Iron, Sodium, Phosphorus, Lodine, Potassium.

Q.9. List down four myths about dieting?

Ans. (i) Healthy food is expensive.

(ii) Dieting makes you lose weight.

(iii) No fat diet is good.

(iv) Don’t take milk immediately after eating fish?

Q.10. Explain Balanced diet and its functions in our body?
Ans. Balanced diet:- Balanced diet is that which is consisted of various constituents of food in accurate and appropriate quantity and quality according to the requirement of the individual.
Functions of Balanced diet:-
(i) Sufficient energy is given by a balanced diet.
(ii) it helps an individual to grow and develop to an optimum level.
(iii) Proper functioning of organs is done by a balanced diet.
(iv) It helps to repair or replace the worn-out tissue.
(v) A balanced diet improves the defense of the body.
(vi) It helps to improve the overall health status.
(vii) Balanced diet improves metabolism.
(viii) it prevents deficiency diseases and maintains body weight thus the overall efficiency of individual improves.

Q.11. Mention micronutrients which are important for the body?
Ans. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients which are needed for our body in small amount but they have their importance for the body.
Vitamin A -Vitamin A - This vitamin is also known as Retinol, needed for Normal growth & development.
Vitamin D-Vitamin E -Vitamin K - Water soluble Vitamin: -Vitamin C -Minerals : IRon:-It needs for formation of haemoglobin.
Calcium: - It resources for bone and teeth formation.
Phosphorus:- It makes strong teeth & bones.
Sodium:- It helps the nervous system for better neuromuscular responses.
Lodine:- Deficiency causes Goitre.
Fluoride:- It helps teeth & nails.
Chloride:- It helps the body to fight against infection.

Q.12. Write the importance of protein for our body?
Ans. Proteins are the basic structure of all living cells. Proteins are the main components of muscles, tendons ligaments, organs glands, glands and all living body fluids like enzymes hormones and blood. Proteins are needed for growth & development of the body. If helps to repair or replace the worn-out tissues. It does not provide energy in normal routine whereas it acts as an energy source only under extreme starvation. Proteins are required for making blood, muscle, Nails, skin, hair and body parts and repair them when needed and are important in some situations like early development and maturation, pregnancy, lactation, or injury like burns etc.

Q.13. Write difference between types of carbohydrate simple and complex carbohydrate
Ans. (i) Simple carbohydrates give quick energy on the other hand complex carbohydrates release slow energy.
(ii) The types of simple carbohydrates are Glucose, Galactose, Fructose Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose. Complex are starch, Glycogen, Dexitine, and Cellulose.
(iii) Simple carbohydrates are called monosaccharides while complex is called polysaccharides.
(iv) Complex carbohydrates are sweet in taste but complex are sweet in taste.
(v) They can be absorbed quickly other side complex carbohydrates takes time.
(vi) Simple carbohydrates can be dissolved in water but complete not.

Q.14. Mention five pitfalls of dieting
Ans. Following are pitfalls of dieting -
1. Extreme Reduction of Calories: - Person reduces the diet considerable which causes low level of energy thus person feels tiredness body aches.
2. Skipping meals:- People often skip meals to reduce weight whereas in react meal they take a large amount of food.
3. Low energy Diet:- The person take diet without fats and fewer carbohydrates by which health is affected.
4. Not performing physical Activity:- People often consider that reducing diet for controlling weight but they neglect physical activities which is equally important for a healthy Lifestyle.
5. Taking less Liquid:- People often think that drinking water or liquid makes them gain weight which is wrong.

Q.15. How water is useful for us ? Explain Briefly?
Ans. Water in very useful component of our diet because. Blood comprises 90% of water with the help of water through blood the nutrients are carried to various deals of body. It important for the secretion of waste products. It regulators body temperature. Our body loses approximately 2% of our body weight or water per day. We compensate for this loss of water by drinking water and by intake of food substances. It also functions as a lubricant keeps the skin moist and protect the body from shock. Amount 20% of water intake comes from food and remaining intake come from drinking water.

Q.16. How food intolerance is treated? What are systems Explain in brief?
Ans. Food intolerance is treated by medical help where we know the food which causes a problem. Food intolerance is more common than food allergy. Food intolerance is a term used widely for varied physiological response associated with a particular food. The individual elements of certain foods that cannot be properly purposed and absorbed by our digestive system.
Systems of Food Intolerance: Food intolerance can cause nausea, stomach pain, Diarrhoea, Vomiting, Flatulence Gas, Cramps heartburn, headache, irritability, or nervousness etc.

Q.17. What do you mean by bulimia Nervosa? Mention causes?
Ans. It is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and consuming a large amount of food in a short time and after taking food people try to get rid of one of consumed food, by vomiting taking laxative or excessive exercise to reduce weight.
Two causes of Bulimia Nervosa.
(1). Purging Type - Individual which has this type of vomit (self induced), a use of laxatives or diuretics (water pills) to avoid gaining weight from binge.
(2). Non purging type - Individual engages self in regular fasting or excessive exercise.
(i) Abnormal levels of Hormones
(ii) Dietary.

Q.18. Is fat useful or not useful for us and for body, explain?
Ans. (i) Fats are stored in body and are used as emergency sources of energy.
(ii) Fats are important sources of energy for long duration activities and important for proper function of glands and other internal organs.
(iii) It helps in the transpotation of fat soluble Vitamins A,D.E.K.
(iv) it help in blood clotting maintenance of skin & hair. Our diet should consist of 5 to 10% of fat higher intake of fat high risk of obesity and many heart diseases.
(v) Fats maintain body temperature and protect it from the effect of external temperature.
(vi) They make body soft & oily.