Important Facts about the Human Body | IBPS PO Prelims & Mains Preparation - Bank Exams PDF Download

Blood

• Blood is the only fluid connective tissue that plays a major role in the transport of nutrients, respiratory gases, and hormones, in maintaining and regulating body temperature, pH, and other thermo-regulating processes.

Blood

• Blood is six times thicker than water, and each drop of blood contains about 250 million cells.
• The adult human body contains a minimum of 1.325 gallons of blood.
• Blood accounts for about 7 to 8 per cent of a person’s total body weight.

Human Brain

• Information moves between neurons in our brain at speeds of up to 250 miles per hour.
• About 75% of the brain is composed of water.

Human Brain

• There are approximately one hundred billion neurons in our brain.
• Cholesterol plays a crucial role in learning and memory.
• The human brain shrinks as we age.
• Stressful events can impact the brain's ability to remember details.
• The brain consumes 20% of the oxygen and blood in your body.

Nervous System

• There are more nerve cells in the human brain than there are stars in the sky.
• The human brain alone contains 100 billion neurons.
• The human spinal cord has about 13,500,000 neurons.
• The brain of a newborn baby grows to three times its size during the first year of life.
• The left side of the human brain is responsible for controlling the right side of the body, while the right side of the brain is responsible for controlling the left side of the body.
• The male brain has 6.5 times more grey matter than the female brain, but a female brain has 10 times more white matter than the male brain.
• Potassium and sodium ions are necessary for the normal functioning of the brain.
• There are 43 different pairs of nerves that connect the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body. Twelve nerve pairs are connected to the brain, while the remaining thirty-one are connected to the spinal cord.

Heart

• The average size and dimensions of the heart are as follows: length - 12 cm, width - 8.5 cm, and thickness - 6 cm.
• The average heart weight ranges from 280 to 340 g in males and from 230 to 280 g in females.
• The heart beats approximately 115,000 times a day and pumps about 2,000 gallons of blood per day.
• Women's hearts tend to beat slightly faster compared to men's heartbeats.
• The sound of a heartbeat is produced when the valves of the heart open and close.
• Cancer in the heart is extremely rare due to the fact that heart cells do not divide.
• The first open-heart surgery was performed by Dr. Daniel Hale Williams in the year 1893.

Circulatory System

• The circulating blood in our body consists of approximately 55% plasma, 40% red blood cells, 4% platelets, and 1% white blood cells.
• Human blood contains atoms of metals, including iron, chromium, manganese, zinc, lead, copper, and small amounts of gold.
• Human blood cells have separate life cycles: on average, red blood cells (RBCs) circulate in the body for about 4 months, platelets for about 9 days, and white blood cells (WBCs) for a few hours to several days.
• The human circulatory system encompasses more than a million miles of blood vessels.
• An adult human body contains an average of 100,000 miles of blood vessels.

Lungs and Respiratory System

• Pulmonary hypertension is a rare lung disease that causes increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries.
• Lungs are the only organ in the human body capable of floating on water.
• Human children and females have higher breathing rates than males.
• Humans release 17.5 ml of water per hour.
• On average, people breathe about 13 pints of air per minute.
• It is possible to live with just one lung.

• Approximately 80% of deaths are caused by lung cancer, a result of smoking.
• Peristalsis is a giant wave action in the oesophagus, helping move food or drink down to the stomach.
• The gut-brain axis is the close bond between the digestive system and the brain.
• The small intestine is about 22-23 feet long, while the large intestine is only around 5 feet long.
• The stomach is made up of flexible muscles and can hold up to 4 pounds of food at a time.

Some Important Facts about Cells

Cells are the basic, fundamental unit of life. So, if we were to break apart an organism to the cellular level, the smallest independent component that we would find would be the cell. Each cell contains a fluid called the cytoplasm, which is enclosed by a membrane. Also present in the cytoplasm are several biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Moreover, cellular structures called cell organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm.

Below are some facts about Cells:-

Some Important Facts about the Human Body

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)

Ques1. What are some important facts about the human body? 

Ans. Some important facts about the human body include:

• The human body is made up of trillions of cells, which are the basic building blocks of life.
• The human body has 206 bones, which provide structure and support.
• The human brain weighs about 3 pounds and controls all bodily functions.
• The human heart beats around 100,000 times a day and pumps blood throughout the body.
• The human lungs contain over 300 million tiny air sacs called alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs.

Ques2. How many bones are there in the human body? 

Ans. There are 206 bones in the human body. These bones provide structure, support, and protection to various organs and systems. They also serve as attachment points for muscles, allowing movement.

Ques3. What is the role of the brain in the human body? 

Ans. The brain is the command centre of the human body. 

• It controls all bodily functions, such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. 
• It also enables thinking, memory, emotions, and movement. 
• The brain is responsible for processing sensory information from the environment and coordinating the body's response.

Ques4. How does the human heart function?

Ans. The human heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. 

• It consists of four chambers - two atria and two ventricles. 
• The heart contracts and relaxes in a rhythmic pattern, known as the cardiac cycle, to pump oxygen-rich blood to the body's organs and tissues. 
• It receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs, where it gets oxygenated.

Ques5. What is the role of the lungs in the human body?

Ans. The lungs play a vital role in the respiratory system. 

• They are responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
• When we inhale, the lungs expand and draw in oxygen. 
• This oxygen is then transported to the bloodstream and delivered to the body's cells. 
• At the same time, the lungs expel carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, during exhalation.