Civil Engineering (CE) Exam > Civil Engineering (CE) Notes > Topic wise GATE Past Year Papers for Civil Engineering > Past Year Questions: Fundamental Concepts of Surveying & Linear Measurement
Past Year Questions: Fundamental Concepts of Surveying & Linear Measurement | Topic wise GATE Past Year Papers for Civil Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download
Question 1: A survey line was measured to be 285.5 m with a tape having a nominal length of 30 m. On checking, the time length of the tape was found to be 0.05 m too short. If the line lay on a slope of 1 in 10. the reduced length (horizontal length) of the line for plotting of survey work would be [2019 : 2 Marks, Set-I]
(a) 285.6 m
(b) 284.5 m
(c) 283.6 m
(d) 285.0 m
Answer: (c)
Solution: Given:
Measured length = 285.5 m
Designated tape length = 30 m
Actual tape length = 30 - 0.05 = 29.95 m
Slope along measurement = 1 in 10.
1. Standardization correction,
Actual tape length l' < l (hence negative correction)
Correction per tape length
= 29.95 - 30 = -0.05 m
2. Slope correction:
Total correction=-(1.4275 + 0.4758)
= -1.9033
Correct length = Measured length - Correction
= 285.5 - 1.9033
= 283.596
= 283.6 m
Question 2: The accuracy of an Electronic Distance Measuring Instrument (EDMI) is specified as ± (a mm + b ppm). Which one of the following statements is correct? [2017 : 1 Mark, Set-I]
(a) Both a and b remain constant, irrespective of the distance being measured.
(b) a remains constant and b varies in proportion to the distance being measured.
(c) a varies in proportion to the distance being measured and b remains constant.
(d) Both a and b vary in proportion to the distance being measured.
Answer: (b)
Solution: Accuracy of EDMI is generally stated in terms of constant instruments error and a measuring error proportional to the distance being measured: ± (a mm + b ppm). The first part indicates a constant instrument error that is independent of the length of the line measured. The second component is the distance related error.
Question 3: The survey carried out to delineate natural features, such as hills, rivers, forests and man-made features, such as towns, villages, buildings, roads, transmission lines and canals is classified as [2014 : 1 Mark, Set-II]
(a) engineering survey
(b) geological survey
(c) land survey
(d) topographic survey
Answer: (d)
Solution: Typographic survey is done to determine the natural features of a country such as rivers, strains, lakes, wood, hills etc. and artificial features such as roads, railways, canals, towns and villages.
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FAQs on Past Year Questions: Fundamental Concepts of Surveying & Linear Measurement - Topic wise GATE Past Year Papers for Civil Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE)
| 1. What are the fundamental concepts of surveying? |  |
Ans. The fundamental concepts of surveying include measurements, observations, and analysis of land or structures to determine their position, size, and shape. It involves techniques such as leveling, triangulation, and traversing to establish accurate measurements and create maps or plans.
| 2. What is linear measurement in surveying? | |
Ans. Linear measurement in surveying refers to the process of measuring distances between points on the ground or structures using various instruments such as tapes, chains, or electronic distance measurement devices. It is crucial for determining accurate dimensions and creating detailed surveys or maps.
| 3. What are the common instruments used for linear measurement in surveying? | |
Ans. Common instruments used for linear measurement in surveying include tape measures, ranging poles, chains, total stations, and electronic distance measurement (EDM) devices. These instruments help surveyors obtain precise measurements and establish accurate distances between points.
| 4. What is the significance of linear measurement in surveying? | |
Ans. Linear measurement plays a significant role in surveying as it helps determine distances between points on the ground or structures. Accurate linear measurements are essential for creating detailed maps, topographic surveys, boundary surveys, and construction projects. They ensure precision in planning, design, and execution of various engineering and construction activities.
| 5. How is linear measurement affected by environmental factors? | |
Ans. Environmental factors can affect linear measurement in surveying. For example, temperature changes can cause tape measures to expand or contract, affecting their accuracy. Wind can also cause tape measures or chains to sway, leading to measurement errors. Additionally, uneven terrain, obstructions, and poor visibility can pose challenges in obtaining accurate linear measurements, requiring surveyors to use appropriate techniques and instruments to mitigate these effects.
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