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Biotechnology is the broad area of biology involving living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art).
Biotechnology and its application : some key points - NEETBiotechnology and its application : some key points - NEETBiotechnology and its application : some key points - NEET
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FAQs on Biotechnology and its application : some key points - NEET

1. What is biotechnology and how is it applied?
Biotechnology is a field that combines biology with technology to develop and create products and technologies that improve living organisms and their surroundings. It involves the use of living organisms or their components to create useful products or processes. Some common applications of biotechnology include genetic engineering, biopharmaceuticals, agricultural biotechnology, and environmental biotechnology.
2. How does genetic engineering fit into biotechnology?
Genetic engineering is a specific branch of biotechnology that involves the manipulation and modification of an organism's genetic material. It allows scientists to introduce or remove specific genes in order to enhance desirable traits or eliminate undesirable ones. Genetic engineering plays a crucial role in various fields, such as medicine, agriculture, and environmental conservation.
3. What are some examples of biopharmaceuticals?
Biopharmaceuticals are a type of pharmaceutical drug that is produced using biotechnology. They are typically derived from living organisms, such as bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells. Some examples of biopharmaceuticals include insulin for diabetes treatment, monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy, and vaccines for disease prevention.
4. How is biotechnology used in agriculture?
In agriculture, biotechnology is used to improve crop production, increase resistance to pests and diseases, and enhance nutritional value. For example, genetically modified crops (GM crops) are engineered to be resistant to herbicides or insect pests, which can lead to higher yields and reduced use of chemical pesticides. Biotechnology also plays a role in developing improved livestock breeds and enhancing animal health.
5. What is environmental biotechnology?
Environmental biotechnology focuses on using biotechnology techniques to address environmental issues and promote sustainable practices. This includes the use of microorganisms to clean up polluted environments, such as bioremediation of contaminated soil or water. Additionally, environmental biotechnology involves the development of renewable energy sources, such as biofuels, through the fermentation of biomass.
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