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Class 9 Science Previous Year Questions - Diversity in Living Organisms (Old Syllabus)

Q: 3. What are the major kingdoms of living organisms?

Ans. The major kingdoms of living organisms are:1. Monera: This kingdom includes single-celled organisms, such as bacteria. They are prokaryotic and lack a nucleus.2. Protista: This kingdom consists of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, such as amoeba and paramecium. They have a true nucleus.3. Fungi: This kingdom comprises organisms like mushrooms and yeasts. They are multicellular and obtain nutrients through absorption.4. Plantae: This kingdom includes plants that are multicellular, photosynthetic, and have cell walls. Examples include trees, flowers, and grasses.5. Animalia: This kingdom consists of multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic and lack cell walls. It includes animals ranging from simple sponges to complex mammals.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Q.1. What are Phanerogams? Name its two groups. [CBSE 2017]
Ans. Phanerogams are flowering plants whose reproductive organs are conspicuous. They bear flowers and seeds.
Its two groups are Monocots and Dicots.

Q.2. What are lichens? [CBSE 2017]
Ans. Lichens are a symbiotic association between a fungal and an algal partner where fungus provides water and mineral and alga provides nutrition.

Q.3. State a characteristic feature of thallophytes? Name two thallophytes which are predominantly aquatic. [CBSE 2016]
Ans. Characteristic features of thallophyta are:
(i) They do not have well-differentiated body design.
(ii) The plants in this group are commonly called algae.
(iii) These plants are predominantly aquatic.
Two thallophytes which are predominantly aquatic are Spirogyra and Cladophora.

Q.4. Disha saw a house lizard crawling on the wall and asked her mother who is a biology teacher.
(a) Is body temperature related to the surrounding temperature in reptiles? How can we define this feature of reptiles?
(b) What is their breathing organ?
(c) Is there any reptile with four chambered heart? Summarize her mother’s statement. [CBSE 2016]
Ans. (a) The body temperature of reptile is the same as the surrounding temperature. The feature in reptile is called cold blooded animal.
(b) The breathing organ of reptile is lung.
(c) Crocodile has four chambered heart.
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals and breathing of these take place through lungs. The lungs of reptiles are 3 chambered except crocodile which has a four-chambered heart.

Q.5. State a characteristic feature of thallophyta? Name two thallophyta which are predominantly aquatic. [CBSE 2016]
Ans. Characteristic features of thallophyta are:
(i) They don't have well-differentiated body design.
(ii) The plants in this group are commonly called algae.
(iii) These plants are predominantly aquatic.
Two thallophytes which are predominantly aquatic are Spirogyra and Cladophora.

Q.6. One day Disha who is studying in class IX went to mother dairy’s vegetable shop where she found some umbrella-like structure being sold. She could immediately identify them. [CBSE 2015]
(a) What is that structure?
(b) To which kingdom does that belong?
(c) Write two characteristic features of organisms belonging to this kingdom.
Ans. (a) Agaricus- Commonly known as mushroom.
(b) It belongs to kingdom fungi.
(c) (i) Fungi are eukaryotic non green organisms.
(ii) They are heterotrophic in naute.

Q.7. Where are seeds of gymnosperms formed? [CBSE 2015]
Ans. Seeds of gymnosperms are naked.

Q.8. Give differences between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. [CBSE 2015]
Ans.

Monocotyledonous	Dicotyledonous
(i) Monocot plants have seed with single cotyledon.	Dicotyledon plant has seeds with two cotyledons.
(ii) The plants have parallel venation.	The plants have reticulate venation.
(iii) The plant has fibrous root system.	They have tap root system.

Long Answer Type Question

Q.1. Give examples of organisms belonging to kingdom protista.
(i) Based on structure for locomotion.
(ii) Based on mode of nutrition. [CBSE 2017]
Ans. (i) Locomotion is generally present. It occurs with the help of flagella (Euglena), cilia (Paramecium) and pseudopodia (Amoeba).
(ii) Their mode of nutrition can be autotrophic (unicellular algae like diatoms and dinoflagellates as well as Euglena like organisms) or heterotrophic (as in protozoans). Holozoic mode of nutrition is seen in Amoeba where solid food particle are ingested.

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FAQs on Class 9 Science Previous Year Questions - Diversity in Living Organisms (Old Syllabus)

1. What is the importance of studying diversity in living organisms?

Ans. Studying diversity in living organisms is important because it helps us understand the vast range of life forms on Earth. It allows us to appreciate the beauty and complexity of nature and provides insights into how different organisms are adapted to their environments. Additionally, understanding diversity helps in the classification and identification of organisms, which is crucial for scientific research, conservation efforts, and medical discoveries.

2. How are living organisms classified based on their diversity?

Ans. Living organisms are classified into different groups based on their diversity using a hierarchical system called taxonomy. This system categorizes organisms into various levels, such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Organisms within the same species share similar characteristics and can reproduce with one another. As we move up the hierarchy, the organisms become more diverse, with each level encompassing a broader range of organisms that share common characteristics.

3. What are the major kingdoms of living organisms?

Ans. The major kingdoms of living organisms are: 1. Monera: This kingdom includes single-celled organisms, such as bacteria. They are prokaryotic and lack a nucleus. 2. Protista: This kingdom consists of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, such as amoeba and paramecium. They have a true nucleus. 3. Fungi: This kingdom comprises organisms like mushrooms and yeasts. They are multicellular and obtain nutrients through absorption. 4. Plantae: This kingdom includes plants that are multicellular, photosynthetic, and have cell walls. Examples include trees, flowers, and grasses. 5. Animalia: This kingdom consists of multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic and lack cell walls. It includes animals ranging from simple sponges to complex mammals.

4. Can you give examples of different phyla in the animal kingdom?

Ans. Yes, here are some examples of different phyla in the animal kingdom: 1. Porifera: This phylum includes organisms such as sponges. They are multicellular but lack true tissues and organs. 2. Arthropoda: This phylum comprises organisms like insects, spiders, and crustaceans. They have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton. 3. Chordata: This phylum includes animals with a notochord at some stage of their life. Examples include fish, birds, mammals, and humans. 4. Annelida: This phylum consists of segmented worms like earthworms and leeches. They have a closed circulatory system and a body divided into distinct segments. 5. Mollusca: This phylum includes animals such as snails, clams, and octopuses. They have a soft body and may have a protective shell.

5. How do scientists determine the evolutionary relationships between different organisms?

Ans. Scientists determine the evolutionary relationships between different organisms through a process called phylogenetic analysis. This analysis involves comparing the similarities and differences in genetic, morphological, and biochemical traits among organisms. By studying these characteristics, scientists create phylogenetic trees or cladograms that depict the evolutionary relationships between different species. The more traits two organisms share, the closer their evolutionary relationship is considered to be. This helps scientists understand the pattern of evolution and how different species are related to each other.

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