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Solved Examples: Plant Kingdom | NCERT Exemplar & Revision Notes for NEET PDF Download

Q.1. In angiosperms, functional megaspore develops into    [CBSE PMT’2011M]
(a) Embryo sac
(b) Ovule
(c) Endosperm
(d) Pollen sac
Ans: 
a
Solution:

During megagametogenesis functional megaspore (most chalazal) gives rise to embryo sac. This is the mature female gametophyte generation.

Q.2. Cycas and Adiantum resemble each other in having     [CBSE PMT’2012M]
(a) Seeds
(b) Motile Sperms
(c) Cambium
(d) Vessels
Ans: 
b
Solution:

Cycas (a gymnosperm) and Adiantum known as Maidenhair fern is a pteridophytes resemble each other in having motile sperm. Seeds, cambium are common in gymnosperms and absent in pteridophytes. True vessels are absent in both pteridophytes and gymnosperms.

Q.3. Gymnosperms are also called soft wood spermatophytes because they lack    [CBSE PMT’2012M]
(a) Cambium
(b) Phloem fibres
(c) Thick-walled tracheids
(d) Xylem fibres
Ans: 
d
Solution:

Gymnosperms lack thick walled tracheids rendering them softwood because tracheids impart strength to wood. Tracheids are the elongated cells in xylem.

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FAQs on Solved Examples: Plant Kingdom - NCERT Exemplar & Revision Notes for NEET

1. What are the different types of plants in the Plant Kingdom?
Ans. The Plant Kingdom includes various types of plants such as algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Algae are simple, aquatic plants, while bryophytes are non-vascular plants like mosses. Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce using spores, and gymnosperms are seed-producing plants like conifers. Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.
2. How do plants in the Plant Kingdom reproduce?
Ans. Plants in the Plant Kingdom reproduce through various methods. Algae reproduce asexually through cell division or fragmentation, while some also reproduce sexually through the fusion of gametes. Bryophytes reproduce through spore production or fragmentation. Pteridophytes reproduce by spore production, and some also have the ability to produce vegetative propagules. Gymnosperms reproduce through the production of seeds, and angiosperms reproduce through seeds enclosed within fruits, and also through flowers and pollination.
3. What is the significance of the Plant Kingdom?
Ans. The Plant Kingdom is of immense significance for various reasons. Plants are the primary producers in the food chain, converting light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of atmospheric gases by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Plants also provide us with food, medicine, shelter, and various raw materials. Additionally, they contribute to the aesthetic beauty of our surroundings and help in preventing soil erosion.
4. How do plants adapt to different environments in the Plant Kingdom?
Ans. Plants in the Plant Kingdom have developed various adaptations to survive and thrive in different environments. For example, algae have adaptations to retain moisture and withstand extreme temperatures in aquatic habitats. Bryophytes have adaptations to absorb and retain water in moist environments. Pteridophytes have vascular tissues that help them transport water and nutrients efficiently. Gymnosperms have thick bark and needle-like leaves to reduce water loss in dry environments. Angiosperms have diverse adaptations such as flowers, fruits, and specialized root systems to adapt to different habitats.
5. What are the economic importance of plants in the Plant Kingdom?
Ans. Plants in the Plant Kingdom have significant economic importance. They are a major source of food, providing us with grains, fruits, vegetables, and spices. Many plants also serve as raw materials for various industries, such as timber for construction, paper production, and furniture making. Plants are a source of medicine, with many pharmaceutical drugs derived from plant compounds. They are also used for ornamental purposes, landscaping, and gardening. Additionally, plants contribute to the economy through agriculture, horticulture, and forestry industries.
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