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Q.1. Select the correct option with respect to mitosis [CBSE PMT’2011]
(a) Chromatids separate but remain in the centre of the cell in anaphase.
(b) Chromatids start moving towards opposite poles in telophase.
(c) Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are still visible at the end of prophase.
(d) Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and get aligned along equatorial plate in metaphase.
Ans: d
Solution:
In mitosis, chromosomes move to the equator and get aligned along equatorial plate in metaphase.
Q.2. At metaphase, chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibres by their [CBSE PMT’2011 M]
(a) satellites
(b) secondary constrictions
(c) kinetochores
(d) centromere
Ans: c
Solution:
Kinetochores are large protein complexes that bind the centromeres of chromosomes to the microtubules of mitotic spindle fibres during metaphase in the cell cycle.
Q.3. During gamete formation, the enzyme recombinase participates during [CBSE PMT’2012 S]
(a) Metaphase – I
(b) Anaphae – I
(c) Prophase – I
(d) Prophase – II
Ans: c
Solution:
Recombinase enzyme catalyses the exchange of short pieces of DNA between two long DNA strands particularly the exchange of homologous regions between the paired maternal and paternal chromosomes in prophase–I.
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FAQs on Solved Example: Cell Cycle & Cell Division - NCERT Exemplar & Revision Notes for NEET
| 1. What is the cell cycle and why is it important? |  |
Ans. The cell cycle refers to the series of events that occur in a cell leading to its division and the production of new cells. It is important because it ensures the growth, development, and maintenance of an organism. It also plays a crucial role in the repair and regeneration of tissues.
| 2. What are the main stages of the cell cycle? | |
Ans. The cell cycle consists of four main stages: G1 (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), G2 (Gap 2), and M (Mitosis). During G1, the cell grows and carries out its normal functions. In the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of each chromosome. G2 is a period of preparation for cell division, and during M phase, the cell divides into two daughter cells through mitosis.
| 3. What is mitosis and why is it important? | |
Ans. Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in the formation of two identical daughter cells. It is important for the growth and development of multicellular organisms, as well as for tissue repair and regeneration. Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes and genetic information.
| 4. What is cytokinesis and how does it differ from mitosis? | |
Ans. Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division, where the cytoplasm of the parent cell divides to form two separate daughter cells. It differs from mitosis in that mitosis involves the division of the nucleus, while cytokinesis involves the division of the cytoplasm. Mitosis and cytokinesis together form the process of cell division.
| 5. What are the consequences of abnormal cell division? | |
Ans. Abnormal cell division can lead to various consequences, including the formation of tumors and the development of cancer. When the cell cycle is not properly regulated, cells can divide uncontrollably, leading to the formation of masses of cells known as tumors. These tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and can interfere with normal tissue function. Therefore, understanding and studying cell cycle regulation is crucial in the field of cancer research.
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