Questions & Answers: Sentence Transformation - 1 | English Grammar Advanced - Class 10 PDF Download

Introduction

• Sentence transformation involves changing the form or structure of a sentence without altering its meaning. This skill is essential in English grammar for various purposes, including paraphrasing, improving sentence variety, and enhancing writing style. Sentence transformation can also help in understanding different grammatical structures and in preparing for language exams that test this skill.
• Sentence transformation is a fundamental aspect of mastering English grammar, allowing for versatility and creativity in communication. By transforming sentences, one can convey the same idea using different words, structures, or styles, which is crucial for effective writing and speaking. This process involves rephrasing sentences to achieve a desired effect, whether it be to emphasize a particular point, avoid repetition, or adapt to different contexts and audiences. Mastering sentence transformation enhances language proficiency and provides a deeper understanding of the nuances of English grammar.

Key Techniques for Sentence Transformation

• Use Synonyms and Antonyms:
  • Replace words with their synonyms or antonyms to change the structure while keeping the meaning intact.
  • Example: "He is happy." → "He is pleased."
• Change the Voice:
  • Transform active sentences into passive voice or vice versa.
  • Example: "The cat chased the mouse." → "The mouse was chased by the cat."
• Use Different Tenses:
  • Change the tense of the sentence to convey the same meaning in a different time frame.
  • Example: "She writes a letter." → "She wrote a letter."
• Use Modals:
  • Add or replace modals to change the formality or tone of the sentence.
  • Example: "You must finish your homework." → "You have to finish your homework."
• Use Conditional Sentences:
  • Transform simple sentences into conditional forms.
  • Example: "If you heat water, it boils." → "Water boils when you heat it."
• Combine Sentences:
  • Combine two or more simple sentences into a compound or complex sentence.
  • Example: "He is rich. He is not happy." → "Although he is rich, he is not happy."
• Use Infinitives and Gerunds:
  • Replace clauses with infinitives or gerunds.
  • Example: "I want to eat." → "I have a desire to eat."

Importance of Sentence Transformation

• Sentence transformation is a critical skill in English grammar as it enables clear and varied expression of ideas. It aids in avoiding redundancy, enhancing clarity, and adapting to different tones or formalities in communication. 
• Additionally, this skill is essential for academic and professional writing, creative storytelling, and everyday communication. 
• Mastering sentence transformation also helps in understanding and using complex grammatical structures, improving overall language fluency and comprehension.

Reported Speech (Solved Questions)

Q1: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows:    (3 marks) 
Principal : Why were you absent last week?
Student : I was absent because I was not well.
Principal : What will happen to your studies now?
Student : I will work hard to complete them.

The Principal asked the student (a) _____ The student replied (b) _____ The Principal was concerned and asked (c) _____ The student replied that he would study hard to complete them.
Ans:
(a) why he had been absent the previous week.
(b) that he had been absent because he had not been well.
(c) what would happen to his studies then.

Q2: Read the following conversation and complete the passage given below:    (3 marks) 
Mrs. Jadav : Can I have a small bottle of cranberry jam ?
Shopkeeper : Sorry, I have only big bottles.
Mrs. Jadav : When will it be available ?
Shopkeeper : I can give it to you tomorrow.
Mrs. Jadav : Thank you, then I will get it tomorrow.

Mrs. Jadav asked the shopkeeper (a) _____ The shopkeeper said that he only had big bottles of cranberry jam. Mrs. Jadav wanted to know (b) _____ The shopkeeper said that he could give it to her (the following day). Mrs. Jadav thanked him and said that (c) _____
Ans:
(a) if she could have a small bottle of cranberry Jam.
(b) when it would be available.
(c) she would get it the following day.

Q3: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows:    (3 marks) 
Haiku : The landlord has come. Take out the money you have set aside.
Wife : But there are only three’ hundred rupees. If you give them to him, where is the blanket going to come from ?
Haiku : Don’t worry. I will figure out some other plan.

Haiku told his wife that the landlord had come, she should take out (a) _____ His wife said that (b) _____ and asked him if he gave them to him (c) _____ 
Ans:
(a) the money she had set aside.
(b) that there were only three hundred rupees.
(c) where the blanket was going to come from.

Q4: Read the conversation given below and complete the passage that follows:     (3 marks) 
Ali : Omar, why don’t you leave this place? I can drop you on my way back home.
Omar : I have no home.
Ali : Where have you come from ?
Omar : From Tunisia.

Ali asked Omar (a) _____ and offered to (b) _____ Omar replied that he had no home. Then Ali asked (c) _____ Omar told him that he had come from Tunisia.
Ans:
(a) why he didn’t leave that place.
(b) drop him on his way back home.
(c) where he had come from.

Q5: Read the following conversation between a mother and son and then complete the paragraph that follows:     (3 marks) 
Mother : You seem so tired. Take some rest.
Suraj : I can’t even think of relaxing. I have lots of homework to do.
Mother : You should not take so much of stress.
Suraj : Don’t worry. Please give me a hot cup of tea.

Mother said to Suraj that (a) _____ Suraj replied that (b) _____ The mother advised him not to take so much of stress. Suraj told his mother (c) _____ 
Ans:
(a) he seemed so tired and advised him to take rest.
(b) he could not even think of relaxing as he had lots of home work to do.
(c) not to worry and requested her to give him a hot cup of tea.

Q6: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows: (3 marks) 
Customer : Can I have a bottle of juice?
Shopkeeper : Sorry, we only have milk bottles.
Customer : When will it be available ?
Shopkeeper : I can give it to you tomorrow.
Customer : Thank you, then I will come tomorrow.

The customer asked the shopkeeper (a) _____ 
The shopkeeper apologized and said (b) _____ 
The customer wanted to know (c) _____ . The shopkeeper said that he could give that to him the next day. The customer thanked him and said that he would come the following day.
Ans:
(a) if he could have a bottle of juice
(b) they only had milk bottles
(c) when that would be available

Q7: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows: (3 marks) 
Raju : Do you know Varun was hit by a two – wheeler yesterday?
Arun : Oh no ! When did it happen?
Raju : He was hit by a scooter on his way back from school.
Arun : Is he badly hurt?

Raju asked Arun (a) _____ Arun was shocked and wanted to know when (b) _____ Raju replied that (c) _____ Arun enquired if he was badly hurt.
Ans:
(a) if he knew that Varun had been hit by a two-wheeler the previous day.
(b) it had happened. .
(c) he had been hit by a scooter on his way back from school.

Q8: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows: (3 marks) 
Vani : Harika, are you going to join the Dramatics Club with me ?
Harika : No, I am going to join the Adventure Club.
Vani : I too would have joined the Adventure Club, but I am very scared of heights.
Harika : If that is the case, join the Dramatics Club.

Vani asked Harika (a) _____ Harika said that (b) _____ Adventure Club. To this Vani replied (c) _____ Adventure Club, but she was very scared of heights. Harika advised her to join the Dramatics Club.
Ans.
(a) if she was going to join the Dramatics Club with her.
(b) she was going to join the
(c) she too would have joined the

Q9: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows: 
Pig : See how strong and hefty I am. Even the Jumbo was afraid of me.
Animals : Jumbo, was it out of horror ?
Jumbo : I could have happily crushed the dirty pig under my heels but I avoided it, so that I do not become dirty.

The jaunty pig said (a) _____ He further added (b) _____ All the animals enquired of Jumbo if that had been out of horror. Jumbo replied that he could have happily crushed the dirty pig under his heels but he (c) _____
Ans:
(a) that he was very strong and hefty
(b) that even the Jumbo had been afraid of him.
(c) had avoided it so that he did not become dirty.

Q10: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows: (3 marks)
Rohan : When is the fancy dress competition in your school ?
Seema : It is after two weeks.
Rohan : Are you taking part in it ?
Seema : Yes, I am taking part as caterpillar.
Rohan : Why have you chosen that ?
Seema : So that I can reach late.

Rohan asked Seema (a) _____ Seema replied (b) _____ Rohan enquired (c) _____ Seema said that she was taking part as a caterpillar. Rohan asked why she had chosen that. Seema answered so that she could reach late. (Board Term-12012, Set EC2,048)
Ans:
(a) when the fancy dress competition in her school was.
(b) that it was after two weeks.
(c) whether she was taking part in that

Q11: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows : (3 marks) 
Customer : Why is the meal so sour?
Waiter : Nobody has complained for five days sir, about the meal.
Customer : What! Where is the Manager?
Waiter : He has gone to some other hotel to take dinner, sir.

One day a customer was taking dinner in a hotel. He asked the waiter why (a) _____ The waiter told him (b) _____ At this the customer was shocked and wanted to know where the Manager was. The waiter replied (c) _____ 
Ans:
(a) the meal was so sour.
(b) that nobody had complained for five days about the meal.
(c) that he had gone to some other hotel to take dinner.

Q12: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows : (3 marks) 
Teacher : Did you brush your hair this morning ?
Asha : Yes, I did, but the wind blew it about while I was coming to school.
Teacher : Wear a hair band tomorrow.

The teacher asked Asha (a) _____ Asha replied that she had, but the wind (b) _____ while she had been coming to school. The teacher instructed her (c) _____
Ans:
(a) if she had brushed her hair that morning.
(b) had blown it about.
(c) to wear a hair band the next day.

Q13: Read the following conversation and complete the paragraph that follows :     (3 marks)
Mother : Rita, finish your food.
Rita: I don’t want to have this food. You never give me a pizza or burger.
Mother: They are not good for health. You had pizza at your friend’s birthday party last evening.
Rita: OK, then give me French fries and shake. ‘
Mother : If you live only on junk food, you will spoil your health.

Mother told Rita (a) _____ Rita replied that (b) _____ and told her mother that she never gave her a pizza or burger. Mother said that they were not good for health and reminded her (c) _____ Rita then asked her mother to give her french fries and shake. Mother warned her that if she lived only on junk food, she would spoil her health.
Ans:
(a) to finish her food.
(b) she did not want to have that food
(c) that she had pizza at her friend’s birthday party the evening before.

Q14: Read the conversation/dialogue given below and complete the paragraph that follows:     (3 marks)
Patient : I want an appointment with the doctor for this evening.
Receptionist : I’m sorry, I can’t give you an appointment before the 20th.
Patient : But I could be dead by then!
Receptionist : That’s all right. I’ll ring up your wife and cancel the appointment in that case.

The patient (a) _____ evening. The receptionist (b) _____ an appointment before the 20th. The patient (c) _____ The receptionist replied that it was all right as she would ring up his wife and cancel the appointment in that case.
Ans:
(a) told the receptionist that he wanted an appointment with the doctor for that
(b) replied that she was sorry but she could not give him
(c) exclaimed that he could be dead by then

Q15: Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follows:     (3 marks)
Patient : Good afternoon. I need to get an E.C.G. done. .
Receptionist : Sorry. Our machine is not working. You can come tomorrow.
Patient : What! But I think I’m having a heart attack now.
Receptionist : Oh! In that case 1 will book you for a bypass and inform our Senior Cardiologist.

A patient went to the doctor’s clinic, greeted the receptionist and said that (a) _____ The receptionist apologized and told him (b)  _____ She also added that (c)  _____ The patient reacted angrily and said he thought he was having a heart attack. To this the receptionist replied that in that case she could book him for a bypass and inform their Senior Cardiologist.
Ans:
(a) he needed to get an E.C.G. done.
(b) that their machine was not working.
(c) he could come the next day.