Building with Bricks Class 4 Notes Maths

Introduction

Bricks are small, rectangular blocks made of clay, used for building walls, floors, and other structures. In this chapter, we will learn about different ways bricks can be arranged to create patterns and how they are used to make strong walls.

Brick Patterns for Jagriti School

• Jagriti School in Murshidabad had beautiful brick patterns on its floor and walls.
• These patterns were made by skilled workers called masons.
• They got their ideas from an old tomb and created unique designs for the school.
• These patterns make the school look beautiful, and children enjoy looking at and playing with these patterns.

What are Patterns?

• A pattern is referred to as the arrangement of shapes, numbers, and colours which are in repetition.
• Number patterns, image patterns, logic patterns, word patterns, and so on are all examples of patterns in mathematics.

We can also see patterns in bricks!

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What are mirror halves?

• Mirror halves happen when a shape or picture is divided into two equal parts that look exactly the same, just like a reflection in a mirror.
• Imagine drawing a line through the middle of a heart. If both sides of the heart match perfectly, those are mirror halves. 

How to Draw a Brick

Imagine holding a brick in your hand. A brick is a small, solid block that is shaped like a rectangle. This block has six flat sides, and we call these sides "faces."

When you look at a brick from the top, you see one of its faces. If you turn the brick a little, you might see two faces at the same time—the top and one of the sides. If you turn it even more, you can see three faces at once—the top, one side, and the front or back.

Faces of Brick 

When you see bricks and try to draw, it looks different when viewed from different sides.
It looks like a Rectangle when you see it from the front, top and side. When viewed from the corner view you can see three sides.

Now, let's think about the shape of these faces. Most of the faces on a brick are rectangles. This means that they are longer on two sides and shorter on the other two sides. However, depending on how the brick is cut or shaped, some faces might look like squares, where all four sides are the same length.

When you draw a brick, you're trying to show what it looks like in real life. You might start by drawing a rectangle to show one face of the brick. Then, to make it look more 3D (three-dimensional), you add other rectangles that connect to the first one. These extra rectangles show the other faces of the brick, helping you see how the brick is shaped.

A Wall that will not Fall

• When building a wall, it's important to place bricks in a way that makes the wall strong. 
• If you place bricks directly on top of each other, the wall might not be very strong. 
• But if you place them in a staggered way, with each brick covering the gap between the bricks below it, the wall becomes much stronger and is less likely to fall.

Looking Through a Brick 'Jaali'

A 'jaali' is a decorative wall made with bricks that have spaces in between them. These spaces form beautiful patterns, allowing light and air to pass through. You might see 'jaalis' in old buildings or as part of windows. They are not just pretty but also useful in keeping a place cool and airy.

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Special Arches

Arches are curved structures made from bricks. They are often found in bridges, windows, and doorways. Arches are strong because the curved shape evenly distributes the weight above them. Some arches have special names and designs, like the 'Ghoonghat Waali Mehraab,' which is an arch with a veil-like shape.

Find Out: The Size of a Brick

Even though bricks can come in different sizes, they usually have a standard shape and size, which makes it easier for builders to use them.

When we talk about the size of a brick, we’re usually talking about three measurements:

1. Length - This is how long the brick is from one end to the other.
2. Width - This is how wide the brick is from one side to the other.
3. Height - This is how tall the brick is from the bottom to the top.

Most bricks are designed to have similar lengths, widths, and heights so that they fit together nicely when you stack them to build something. For example, if you want to build a wall, you need to know the size of the bricks you're using so you can figure out how many bricks you'll need. If the wall is going to be 1 meter long, and each brick is 20 centimetres long, you can quickly calculate that you’ll need 5 bricks lined up end to end to cover that length.

• Knowing the size of a brick is also important for making sure everything fits together properly. 
• If the bricks are too big or too small, they might not fit well with other bricks, and the wall or structure might not be as strong. 
• That's why builders often measure bricks carefully before they start building.

Cost of bricks = Number of bricks purchased × Cost of each brick

Solved Examples

Example 1: 

If 2000 rupees is the price of 1000 bricks and Bhajan requires 500 bricks then how much does he need to pay?

Solution:

1000 Bricks price is = Rs 2000

1 Brick’s price is      = Rs 2000/1000

500 Bricks price is = (2000/1000) x 500

                             = (2) x 500 = Rs 1000

So, Bhajan needs to pay Rs 1000 for 500 bricks.

Example 2:  

Sam paid ₹1500 per 500 bricks. Find the cost of each brick.

Solution: 

Step1: Write the number of bricks purchased = 500

Step2: Write the total cost = ₹1500

Step3: Cost of each brick = Total cost / Total number of bricks purchased= 1500/ 500= 3 

So, the cost of each brick is ₹3.

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How Bricks Are Made

Bricks are made from soil, which is shaped into blocks and then baked in a large oven called a kiln. This baking process makes the bricks hard and strong, ready to be used in construction.

Conclusion

Bricks are a fundamental part of building, and they can be used in many creative ways. From making simple walls to creating beautiful patterns, understanding how bricks work helps us appreciate the structures around us.