The State is obligated to give special attention to the educational and economic welfare of the marginalized sections of society, particularly the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. It should protect them from social injustice and all forms of discrimination, as outlined in Article 46 of the Constitution.
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In order to achieve the goals of equality and justice outlined in the Preamble, the Constitution establishes specific measures for scheduled castes (SCs), scheduled tribes (STs), backward classes (BCs), and Anglo-Indians. These provisions are outlined in Part XVI of the Constitution, spanning Articles 330 to 342A. They encompass:
(a) Permanent and Temporary:
(b) Protective and Developmental:
The 105th Amendment Act of 2021 clarified that the "Central List" refers to the list maintained by the central government for socially and educationally backward classes. States and union territories can now create their lists, which may differ from the Central List, but only through legislation. Unlike SCs, STs, and OBCs, the Constitution provides a specific definition for Anglo-Indians, referring to individuals with European descent in their male line, domiciled in India, and born to parents habitually residing within the country for reasons other than temporary.
Backward Classes
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Laxmikanth Summary: Special Provisions Relating To Certain Classes
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Anglo - Indians
Article 330: Reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the House of the People.
Article 331: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the House of the People.
Article 332: Reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the legislative assemblies of the states.
Article 333: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the legislative assemblies of the states.
Article 334: Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after a certain period.
Article 335: Claims of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes to services and posts.
Article 336: Special provision for the Anglo-Indian community in certain services.
Article 337: Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of the Anglo-Indian community.
Article 338: National Commission for scheduled castes.
Article 338A: National Commission for scheduled tribes.
Article 338B: National Commission for backward classes.
Article 339: Control of the Union over the administration of scheduled areas and the welfare of scheduled tribes.
Article 340: Appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes.
Article 341: Scheduled castes.
Article 342: Scheduled tribes.
Article 342A: Socially and educationally backward classes.
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1. What is the rationale behind the special provisions for certain classes in the Indian constitution? |
2. Which classes are specifically mentioned for special provisions in the Indian constitution? |
3. What are the special provisions for SCs and STs in the Indian constitution? |
4. What special provisions are provided for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in the Indian constitution? |
5. What special provisions are provided for Anglo-Indians in the Indian constitution? |
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