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Mind Map: Ecosystem - NEET

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1. What is an ecosystem?
Ans. An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, interacting with each other and their physical environment. It includes both the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components in a specific area.
2. How are ecosystems formed?
Ans. Ecosystems are formed over time through natural processes. They can develop in various ways, such as through primary succession where new ecosystems form on barren land, or through secondary succession where existing ecosystems recover after disturbances like fires or deforestation.
3. What are the main components of an ecosystem?
Ans. The main components of an ecosystem are the living organisms (biotic factors), such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the non-living factors (abiotic factors), including sunlight, water, soil, temperature, and air quality. These components interact and depend on each other for survival.
4. How do ecosystems function?
Ans. Ecosystems function through various ecological processes. Producers, such as plants, convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, which is then consumed by primary consumers (herbivores). Secondary consumers (carnivores) feed on primary consumers, and so on, creating a food chain. Decomposers break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
5. What is the importance of maintaining a balanced ecosystem?
Ans. Maintaining a balanced ecosystem is crucial for the survival of all living organisms. A balanced ecosystem ensures that each species has enough resources to survive and reproduce. It helps regulate important processes like nutrient cycling, water purification, and climate regulation. Disruptions to the balance of an ecosystem can lead to the decline or extinction of species and negatively impact human well-being.
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