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GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling | Manufacturing Engineering - Mechanical Engineering PDF Download

Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:The contraction allowance provided on the pattern and core boxes compensates for the following type of contraction

[ME 1988]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:Chills are used in moulds to

[ME 1989]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:Two cubical castings of the same metal and size of 2 cm side and 4 cm side are moulded in green sand. If the smaller casting solidifies in 2 mins, the expected time of solidifications of large casting will be

[ME 1989]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:When there is no room temperature change, the total shrinkage allowance on a pattern is independent of

[ME 1991]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:With a solidification factor of 0.97 × 106 s/m2, the solidification time (in seconds) for a spherical casting of 200 mm diameter is

[ME 2003]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:Volume of a cube of side l and volume of a sphere of radius r are equal. Both the cube and the sphere are solid and of same material. They are being east. The ratio of the solidification time of the cube to the same of sphere is

[ME 2007]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:A cubic casting of 50 mm side under goes volumetric solidification shrinkage and volumetric solid contraction of 4% and 6% respectively. No riser is used. Assume uniform cooling in all directions. The side of the cube after solidification and contraction is

[ME 2011]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:A cube shaped casting solidifies in 5 min. The solidification time in min for a cube of the same material, which is 8 times heavier than the original casting, will be

[ME 2013]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:A cylindrical blind riser with diameter d and height h, is placed on the top of the mold cavity of a closed type sand mould as shown in the figure. If the riser is of constant volume, then the rate of solidification in the riser is the least when the ratio h : d is

GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling | Manufacturing Engineering - Mechanical Engineering

[ME 2014,Set-3]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:The solidification time of a casting is proportional to GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling | Manufacturing Engineering - Mechanical Engineering where V is the volume of the casting and A is the total casting surface area losing heat. Two cubes of same material and size are cast using sand casting process. The top face of one of the cubes is completely insulated. The ratio of the solidification time for the cube with top face insulated to that of the other cube is

[ME 2015,Set-1]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:Equal amounts of a liquid metal at the same temperature are poured into three moulds made of steel, copper and aluminum. The shape of the cavity is a cylinder with 15 mm diameter. The size of the moulds are such that the outside temperature of the moulds do not increase appreciably beyond the atmospheric temperature during solidification. The sequence of solidification in the mould from the fastest to slowest is (Thermal conductivities of steel, copper and aluminum are 60.5, 401 and 237 W/mK, respectively. Specific heats of steel, copper and aluminum are 434, 385 and 903 J/ kgK, respectively. Densities of steel, copper and aluminum are 7854, 8933 and 2700 kg/m3, respectively.)

[ME 2016,Set-3]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:A cast Steel slab of dimension 30 × 20 × 5 cm is poured horizontally using a side riser. The riser is cylindrical in shape with diameter and height, both equal to D. The freezing ratio of the mould is

[PI 2005]

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Question for GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling
Try yourself:A solid cylinder of diameter D and height equal to D, and a solid cube of side L are being sand cast by using the same material. Assuming there is no superheat in both the cases, the ratio of solidification times of the cylinder to the solidification time of the cube is

[PI 2009]

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FAQs on GATE Past Year Questions: Solidification & Cooling - Manufacturing Engineering - Mechanical Engineering

1. What is solidification and cooling in mechanical engineering?
Ans. Solidification and cooling in mechanical engineering refer to the process of transforming a liquid or molten material into a solid state by reducing its temperature. During this process, the material undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid, resulting in the formation of a solid structure.
2. What are the common methods used for solidification and cooling in mechanical engineering?
Ans. In mechanical engineering, the common methods used for solidification and cooling include: - Conduction: Heat transfer occurs through direct contact between the material and a cooler surface, resulting in a gradual decrease in temperature and solidification. - Convection: The material is exposed to a cooler fluid (liquid or gas), which carries away the heat and accelerates the cooling process. - Radiation: Heat is transferred through electromagnetic waves emitted by the material to a cooler environment, leading to solidification.
3. How does solidification and cooling affect the mechanical properties of materials?
Ans. Solidification and cooling have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of materials. The cooling rate and the presence of impurities can influence the formation of crystal structures, grain size, and microstructure, which in turn affect properties such as strength, hardness, toughness, and ductility. Rapid cooling can result in a fine-grained structure with improved strength but reduced ductility, while slower cooling can lead to larger grains and enhanced ductility at the expense of strength.
4. What are some applications of solidification and cooling in mechanical engineering?
Ans. Solidification and cooling processes find various applications in mechanical engineering, including: - Casting: The process of pouring molten metal into a mold to obtain desired shapes and structures. - Welding: The cooling of the molten metal during welding helps in joining two or more components together. - Heat treatment: Controlled cooling rates are employed to improve the mechanical properties of materials by manipulating their microstructure. - Additive manufacturing: Thermal management and controlled cooling are essential in 3D printing processes to solidify and shape the printed parts layer by layer.
5. How does the cooling rate affect the solidification process?
Ans. The cooling rate plays a crucial role in the solidification process. A faster cooling rate promotes the formation of a finer and more uniform microstructure, resulting in improved mechanical properties. It suppresses the growth of dendrites or crystals and minimizes the formation of defects such as porosity. On the other hand, slower cooling rates allow more time for crystal growth, leading to larger grains and potentially affecting the material's properties. The cooling rate can be controlled by manipulating cooling media, insulation, or applying external cooling methods such as water quenching or air cooling.
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