NCERT Exemplar Solutions: The Living Organisms - Characteristics & Habitats | Science Class 6 PDF Download

Ans: (d)
Habitat is the natural environment where an organism lives. Habitat provides an organism everything it needs to survive i.e., food, shelter and proper climatic conditions.
Cultivated land is not the actual place where grazing cattle live.

Ans: (d)
Leaves of the desert plants are very small or reduced to spines to reduce water loss through transpiration and roots of these plants grow deep into the soil for absorbing water. Hence, desert plants are adapted to live in hot and dry conditions of the desert.

Ans: (a)
Water animals have streamlined body shape which reduces the resistance while swimming in the water and slippery body helps easily flow in the water which prevents damaging of body.

Ans: (d)
Respiration, reproduction, adaptation, excretion are all characteristics of living beings which is necessary for all living organisms.

Ans: (a)
Breathing occurs in earthworms through the moist body surface. Earthworms lack specialized breathing organs.
Gills are generally present in aquatic animals for respiration (e.g. fish).
Lungs are present inland animals (e.g. mammals) for respiration.
Exchange of gases in plants takes place through stomata.

Ans: (d)
A chick hatching out of an egg is a natural process of development and is not a direct response to an external stimulus. In contrast, the other options are immediate reactions to external stimuli such as food, touch, or an approaching object.

Ans: (c)
The process in which organic substances are broken down to simpler products with the release of energy is termed as respiration. It takes place both during day and night.

Ans: (c)
Excretion is the elimination of waste products which include water, carbon dioxide and nitrogenous compounds in the form of urine, sweat and exhaled air.

Ans: (d)
An aquatic plant, fish, frog, insect are biotic components or living components of environment whereas soil, rocks, air and sand are the non-living components or abiotic components.

Ans: (a)
Reproduction is a biological process by which an organism produces young ones of its own kind.
A new leaf coming out of a tree branch is vegetative growth in plants; it is not related to reproduction.
A dog, seed and an egg produce puppy grow into plant and chick respectively are associated with reproduction.

Ans: (d)
Roots of mango tree have no role in reproduction.
Eggs of hen and seeds of plants are products of reproduction.
Buds of potato are vegetative reproductive parts that can form new plants.

Ans: (b)
Reproduction is one of the most important characteristics of the living organisms by which their kind continues to live on earth. Reproduction is a biological process by which an organism produces young ones of its own kind.

Ans: (a)
Excreting small amount of concentrated urine helps to conserve water in the body. Humans adapt to the desert environment by excreting small amount of water.

Here are the correct words:
(a) ADAPTATIONS
(b) EXCRETION
(c) STIMULI
(d) REPRODUCTION

(a) Deer – Grassland
(b) Frog – It is red-eyed tree frog that lives in a tropical rain forest (not in a pond).
(c) Yak – Mountain
(d) Camel – Desert

Terrestrial habitats – Grassland, Ricefield
Aquatic habitats – Pond, Ocean

Reproduction is very important for living organisms as it helps them to produce young ones of their own kind and maintains the continuity of their species.

(a) Abiotic (non-living)
(b) Water
(c) Adaptations
(d) Terrestrial

Paheli can increase the number of rose plants in the garden by plant propagation method i.e., planting stem cuttings of the rose plant. About 20-30 cm long pieces of one-year-old stems are cut and their lower ends are planted in the soil.

Desert snakes burrow deep into the sand during the day because the deeper layers of sand are cooler, and to stay away from heat of the desert during day time.

(a) Submerged leaves are long narrow and ribbon which can easily bend in flowing water and withstand water currents without getting damaged e.g., tape grass.
(b) Leaves are long, hollow and light which help the leaves to float over the water surface.

 (a) Camels which have long legs help them to keep the upper part of the body away from the heat of the sand.
(b) Frogs which have webbed feet enables frog to swim in the water.
(c) Dolphins and whales which have blow holes help them to breathe in the air when they arise to the surface of the water.

Desert plants have good adaptability to conditions like water scarcity hence they tend to conserve water. Small leaves and spiny plants are modifications of leaves which help the surface of leaf lamina, in preventing water loss during transpiration.

Specific features present in deer that help them to detect the presence of predators like a lion are:
(i) Deer’s have long ears which help to hear and recognize the movement of predators.
(ii) Eyes on the sides of its head which allow it to look in all directions.

(a) Thick waxy stem – Desert plant
(b) Short roots – Aquatic plant
(c) Cone-shaped plants – Mountainous plant
(d) Sloping branches – Mountainous plant
(e) Small or spine-like leaves – Desert plant
(f) Hollow stem – Aquatic plant

Car is not considered as a living organism because of the following reasons:

• Car is not made up of cells. All living organisms are made up of cells. The cell is the smallest unit of a living organism which an important part of life.
• The car does not show response to stimuli. Living organisms have the ability to sense their surroundings and respond to environmental stimuli such as light, temperature, pollutants, water etc.
• The car does not show irreversible and permanent growth. Growth is an increase in the size of organisms. In living organisms growth is permanent and irreversible.

Adaptive features of a lion that help it in hunting are as follows:

• It has strong paws, sharp teeth and long claws which helps it to catch and kill the prey.
• Lion has brown body colour which helps it to hide itself in the dry grassland for avoiding detection by its prey.
• Lion has its eyes placed in front which allows it to know the exact location and movements of its prey.