Class 4 Exam  >  Class 4 Notes  >  Social Studies for Class 4  >  Chapter Notes: Agriculture

Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST

Land as a Resource

Land is very important for a country. It's like a fixed asset, meaning we can't make more of it. Agriculture is one of the main uses of land in India. It's where we grow crops, raise animals, and fish.

Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST

Agriculture

Agriculture means growing things on land. Farming gives us food to eat and materials for making things. Many industries in India depend on agriculture. It includes farming, gardening, raising animals, and fishing. 

FarmingFarming

Agriculture is one of the main uses of land, and it involves not only farming but also animal raising and fishing. In India, more than half of the people work as farmers. This means farming is the main job for many people in our country. 

Other agricultural activities apart from farmingOther agricultural activities apart from farming

Question for Chapter Notes: Agriculture
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What is one of the main uses of land in India?
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Types of Farming

In India, farming is classified based on things like rainfall, irrigation, soil type, and the purpose of farming.

  1. Dry Farming: This is done in areas where rainfall is less than 80 cm. Crops like jowar, bajra, and pulses are grown here. States like Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and parts of Madhya Pradesh do dry farming.
    Dry FarmingDry Farming
  2. Wet Farming: This happens in areas with more than 200 cm of rainfall. Rice and jute are main crops here. States like West Bengal and Assam do wet farming.
    Wet FarmingWet Farming
  3. Irrigated Farming: This is done where rainfall is between 80 cm to 200 cm. Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh are examples. Wheat, rice, and sugarcane are important crops here.
    Irrigated FarmingIrrigated Farming

Question for Chapter Notes: Agriculture
Try yourself:
What is the main purpose of agriculture in India?
View Solution

Classification of Agriculture

Different types of agriculture in India are classified based on various factors:

  1. Rainfall
  2. Irrigation facilities
  3. Soil type
  4. Purpose of production
  5. Size of land holdings
  6. Technology used

Different Kinds of Crops 

In India, we grow different types of crops because our land, weather, and water supply are good for farming. 

  1. Food crops: Essential for sustenance, including rice, wheat, millet, and maize, forming the core of Indian diets.
    Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST
  2. Pulses: Provide crucial protein sources, encompassing chickpeas, lentils, and peas, important for balanced nutrition.
    Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST
  3. Oilseeds: Vital for cooking oils and fats, consisting of groundnut, mustard, and soybeans, contributing to culinary diversity.
    Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST
  4. Beverages: Renowned globally, tea, coffee, and cocoa are not just beverages but also significant sources of livelihood and cultural practices.
    Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST
  5. Fiber crops: Essential for textiles and materials, cotton and jute play crucial roles in the textile industry and other manufacturing sectors.
    Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST
  6. Other crops: From sugarcane to spices, fruits, vegetables, flowers, rubber, and tobacco, these diverse crops contribute to various industries, local economies, and global trade.

    Question for Chapter Notes: Agriculture
    Try yourself:
    What type of farming is practiced in areas with less than 80 cm of rainfall?
    View Solution


Significance of Major Crops 

  1. Rice: Widely grown across India, except in areas with low rainfall, it's a staple food and India is the second-largest producer globally.
  2. Wheat: Cultivated in the winter season, it's the second most produced crop in India and a dietary staple.
  3. Tea: India is a major producer and exporter of tea, known for its quality and variety.
  4. Cotton: Despite quality issues, India is the fourth-largest producer of cotton worldwide, used in textile industries.
  5. Sugarcane: India has the largest area dedicated to sugarcane cultivation globally, supplying a significant portion of the world's sugar.

Question for Chapter Notes: Agriculture
Try yourself:
Which crop is India the second-largest producer of globally?
View Solution

Agricultural Developments 

Since Independence, the government has worked to improve agricultural production through various efforts. This has led to successful initiatives like the Green Revolution, which significantly increased agricultural output. India has also seen growth in flower production, with local consumption increasing and exports beginning. 

Over the years, we've been producing more food and crops. This is because we've been using better seeds, more water for irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides, and machines like tractors.

Other agricultural activities apart from farming

  1. Gardening: Growing Fruits and Vegetables - Gardening is about growing fruits, flowers, and vegetables. People grow these things to sell them in markets. In India, we grow many different fruits, flowers, and vegetables in places like Jammu & Kashmir and the north-eastern states.
    GardeningGardening

  2. Livestock Rearing: Keeping Animals - Farmers also keep animals like cows, buffaloes, sheep, and goats. These animals help in farming and also provide us with things like milk, wool, and meat.
    Livestock RearingLivestock Rearing

  3. Fishing - Fishing is when people catch fish from the sea or from rivers and lakes. In India, some people catch fish from the sea, while others catch fish from rivers and lakes. This provides us with different types of fish to eat.
    FishingFishing






The document Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST is a part of the Class 4 Course Social Studies for Class 4.
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FAQs on Agriculture Class 4 Notes SST

1. What are the different types of farming?
Ans. The different types of farming include subsistence farming, commercial farming, mixed farming, and intensive farming.
2. How is agriculture classified?
Ans. Agriculture is classified into three main categories: crop production, livestock farming, and forestry.
3. What are some examples of agricultural developments?
Ans. Some examples of agricultural developments include the use of advanced machinery, irrigation systems, genetic modification of crops, and precision agriculture techniques.
4. Apart from farming, what other agricultural activities are important?
Ans. Other important agricultural activities apart from farming include animal husbandry, beekeeping, horticulture, and agroforestry.
5. How can agriculture contribute to sustainable development?
Ans. Agriculture can contribute to sustainable development by promoting environmental conservation, reducing poverty, ensuring food security, and fostering economic growth in rural communities.
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