Food We Eat Class 2 Notes EVS

Why we need Food?

Food is essential for our body to maintain a healthy heart, active brain, optimally working muscles and other organs. Food provides us energy and protect against from diseases. Food is made up of nutrients. These nutrients we get from variety of food items. All food we eat comes either from plants or animals.

Plant Foods

1. Fruits

Fruits and their juices are naturally sweet.  Different types of fruits contain different nutrients, so it is important to eat a variety of fruits. They keep us healthy and strong. Fruits include cherry, watermelon, muskmelon, pomegranate, grapes, banana, mango etc.

2. Vegetables

Vegetables are good source of many nutrients. Vegetables like broccoli, spinach, tomatoes and garlic are considered to be very nutritious. Other vegetable includes drumsticks, potato, tomato, radish, turnip, cauliflower, capsicum, onion, spinach etc.

Seeds We Eat

1.  Cereals

Cereals are grains used for food. Cereal includes wheat, oats, bajra (millets), maize and rice etc. Cereals are very important part of human diets is rich nutrients. Flour of wheat is used to prepare bread, roti. Flour rice is used to make idli. Cereal grains energy rich foods for humans.

2. Pulses

Pulses are the edible seeds. The main pulses include chickpeas, kidney beans, red gram, black gram (urad), red lentil, green. Pulses are used as foods such as dal, sambhar, curry etc.

3. Nuts

Nuts are very nutritious and give lot of energy. They are considered healthy snacks. Nuts include pistachios, walnut, raisins, peanuts, almond, cashew nut etc.

 4. Oil seeds

Oils play an important part in a healthy and balanced diet. These include sunflower, groundnut, mustard, sesame seeds etc.

Food from animal

Foods from animals and fish give extra energy and strengthen muscles and the immune system. These foods include all forms of meat, poultry (birds), fish, eggs and dairy products such as milk, sour milk, buttermilk, yoghurt and cheese.

Healthy food

Healthy food includes all food that provides essential nutrients to the body. It keeps our body fit and healthy. Healthy food is essential for proper growth and maintenance of body.

Junk food

Junk food contains extra calories. These are unhealthy and difficult to digest. These foods are very tasty but contain very less nutrients. These include samosa, finger chips, burger, pizza, chips etc.

Ingredients

Ingredients are edible substance that combined to prepare a dish such as fruits, vegetables, spices, dairy products etc.

• Ingredients of rice – raw rice and water
• Ingredients of dal – pulses, oil, turmeric powder, salt, water, chili
• Ingredients of idli – rice, pulses, salt, water

What is a Balanced Diet?

Balanced diet is a diet consisting of a variety of different types of food and providing adequate amounts of the nutrients necessary for good health. 

Balanced Diet

Different Types of Foods

There are three different types of food:

• Energy-giving food—sugar, nuts, rice, chapatti, bread, potatoes, and butter.
  
• Body-building food—milk, eggs, fish, pulses (dal), meat, paneer, and curd.
  
• Food that gives us resistance against illness—fruits (pears, oranges, grapes), vegetables (spinach, carrot).
  
  Variety of Fruits
  We must eat a balanced diet. A balanced diet is a diet that contains all the essential nutrients in the right proportion of energy-giving food, body-building food, and food that protects us from illness.

Good Eating Habits 

• We should eat small portions and chew food properly.
• We should eat fresh food.
• We should not talk while eating.
• We must wash our hands before and after every meal.
• We should also drink plenty of water.
• We should always eat breakfast before going to school.
• We should wash fruits and vegetables before eating and cooking.
• We should not waste food.
  
  Question for Notes: Food We Eat

  Try yourself:Which one of the following is correct?

  • A.

    We should not talk while eating.
  • B.

    We should not eat uncovered food.
  • C.

    We should wash our hands before and after eating.
  • D.

    All the above

  Explanation

  Good Habits we should adopt are:

  • We should not talk while eating.
  • We should wash our hands before and after eating.
  • We should not eat uncovered food.

   

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Meals of the Day

There are three main meals in a day that we must eat—breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

• We eat breakfast in the morning before leaving for work or for school. Breakfast usually includes milk, fruits, egg, bread, juice, parathas, or idlis.
• Lunch is the meal that we take in the afternoon. It includes rice, chapattis, dal, and vegetables.
• We eat dinner at night with all our family members.