Subtraction Class 2 Notes Maths

Subtracting 3-Digit Numbers (Without Borrowing)

Method 1: Using the Expanded Form

Method 2: Using the Short Form

Example 1: Subtract 123 from 853.

Step 1. Arrange the numbers in the columns of hundreds, tens and ones.

Step 2. Subtract the ones.

3 ones – 3 ones = 0 ones

Step 3. Subtract the tens.

5 tens – 2 tens = 3 tens

Step 4. Subtract the hundreds.

8 hundreds – 1 hundred = 7 hundreds

So, 853 – 123 = 730.

Subtraction of 3-Digit Numbers (With Borrowing)

From Tens to Ones

Subtract 348 from 764.

To help you understand better the working is shown pictorially below.

Example 2: Subtract 357 from 576.

Step 1. Arrange the numbers in the columns of hundreds, tens and ones.
Step 2. Subtract the ones.
As we cannot subtract 7 ones from 6 ones,
we regroup 76 as 7 tens + 6 ones = 6 tens + 16 ones
Now, subtract 7 ones from 16 ones to get 9 ones.
Step 3. Subtract the tens.
6 tens – 5 tens = 1 ten
Step 4. Subtract the hundreds.
5 hundreds – 3 hundreds = 2 hundreds
So, 576 – 357 = 219.

From Hundreds to Tens and Tens to Ones

• 9 ones cannot be subtracted from 6 ones. So, we borrow 1 ten = 10 ones.
• 8 tens cannot be subtracted from 5 tens. So, we borrow 1 hundred = 10 tens.

We borrow from hundreds column to tens column and from tens column to ones

column.

Example 3: Subtract 375 from 634.

Step 1. Arrange the numbers in the columns of hundreds, tens and ones.

Step 2. Subtract the ones.

As we cannot subtract 5 ones from 4 ones. So, we regroup.

34 = 3 tens + 4 ones = 2 tens + 14 ones

Now, subtract 5 ones from 14 ones to get 9 ones

Step 3. Subtract the tens.

As we cannot subtract 7 tens from 2 tens,

we regroup 6 hundreds 2 tens as 5 hundreds 12 tens.

Now, subtract 7 tens from 12 tens to get 5 tens.

Step 4. Subtract the hundreds.

5 hundreds – 3 hundreds = 2 hundreds.

So, 634 – 375 = 259.

Example 4: Subtract 564 from 900.

Step 1. Arrange the numbers in the columns of hundreds, tens and ones.

Step 2. As we cannot subtract 4 ones from 0 ones. So, we regroup.
Here, there is no tens, so first we regroup 9 hundreds as
8 hundreds + 1 hundred or
8 hundreds + 10 tens.
Now, we regroup 10 tens as 9 tens + 1 ten.
Again regroup 1 ten as 10 ones.
Now, subtract columnwise.
10 ones – 4 ones = 6 ones
9 tens – 6 tens = 3 tens
8 hundreds – 5 hundreds = 3 hundreds
So, 900 – 564 = 336.

Example 5: Subtract 75 from 802.

In this case, first borrow 1 hundred from 8 hundreds. Then, in place of 0 tens you have 10 tens in tens column. Now, borrow 1 ten = 10 ones to ones column.

Terms Related to Subtraction

In a subtraction problem,

• the number to be subtracted is called subtrahend.
• the number from which the smaller number is subtracted is called minuend.
• and the result is called the difference.

We can check the answer of a subtraction problem by addition.

We add the difference of the given numbers to the subtrahend.

If the sum is equal to minuend, our answer is correct.

Example 6: Subtract 147 from 603 and check your answer.

Check: We have, 147 + 456 = 603, so, our answer is correct

Problems Based on real Life Situations 

Example 7: Preeti had ₹ 730. She bought a dress worth ₹ 210. How much money is she left with her?

Money Preeti had = ₹ 730

Money spent on dress = ₹ 210

Money left with her = ₹ 730 – 210 = ₹ 520.

So, money left with Preeti is ₹ 520.