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Concentration Terms - Class 11

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1. What is concentration in chemistry?
Ans. Concentration in chemistry refers to the amount of solute present in a given amount of solvent or solution. It is usually expressed in terms of moles per liter (M) or grams per liter (g/L). Concentration is an important concept in chemistry as it helps determine the properties and behavior of solutions.
2. How is concentration calculated?
Ans. Concentration can be calculated using different formulas depending on the given information. One common formula is: Concentration (M) = moles of solute / volume of solvent (in liters) Another way to express concentration is in terms of mass/volume percent. In this case, the formula is: Concentration (%) = (mass of solute / volume of solution) x 100 There are also other formulas to calculate concentration based on other units of measurement, such as molarity, molality, and parts per million.
3. What are the different units of concentration?
Ans. There are several units of concentration used in chemistry. Some of the common ones include: - Molarity (M): moles of solute per liter of solution. - Molality (m): moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. - Mass percent: mass of solute per 100 grams of solution. - Volume percent: volume of solute per 100 milliliters of solution. - Parts per million (ppm): number of parts of solute per million parts of solution. The choice of unit depends on the specific context and the properties being studied.
4. What is the importance of concentration in chemical reactions?
Ans. Concentration plays a crucial role in chemical reactions. It affects the rate at which reactions occur, as higher concentration of reactants leads to more collisions and therefore a faster reaction rate. Concentration also influences the equilibrium position of a reaction, with higher concentrations favoring the formation of products. In addition, concentration is important in determining the pH of a solution and in carrying out stoichiometric calculations.
5. How does concentration affect the properties of solutions?
Ans. Concentration has a significant impact on the properties of solutions. For example, the boiling point and freezing point of a solution are affected by the concentration of solute particles. Higher concentration of solute lowers the freezing point and raises the boiling point compared to the pure solvent. Concentration also affects the density, viscosity, and conductivity of a solution. Furthermore, the solubility of a solute in a solvent is influenced by concentration, with higher concentrations generally leading to greater solubility.
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