PIB Summary- 28th April, 2021 | PIB (Press Information Bureau) Summary - UPSC PDF Download

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund

Context: Agriculture Infrastructure Fund applications cross the Rs. 8,000 crore mark; sanctions cross Rs. 4000 crore mark.
The Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) was announced in May 2020 by the Government of India for farm-gate infrastructure for farmers.

What is the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund?

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund is a central sector scheme that will enable a financing facility of Rs.1 lakh crore for funding agriculture infrastructure projects at farm-gate and aggregation points such as farmers producers organisations, primary agricultural cooperatives, startups and entrepreneurs in the agriculture sector.

• The scheme provides medium to long term debt financing facility for investment in viable projects for post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets through interest subvention and financial support/credit guarantee.
• It is meant for building processing and storage facilities, and for helping farmers, FPOs, etc. build post-harvest agriculture infrastructure and community farming assets.
• These facilities should help farmers get a higher price for their produce as they will be able to reduce wastage, store, process and give value addition to their products.
• The scheme was initially set to run for ten years from 2020 to 2029. But, it has been extended by three years till 2032-33 in July 2021.
• Under this, banks and financial institutions provide loans with an interest subvention of 3% per annum.
• The scheme also entails providing credit guarantee coverage under Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) for loans up to Rs. 2 Crore.
• NABARD will steer this initiative in association with the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare. Read more on NABARD.
• For APMCs, interest subvention for a loan up to Rs. 2 crore will be provided for each project of different infrastructure types e.g. cold storage, sorting, grading and assaying units, silos, etc. within the same market yard.

Scheme Beneficiaries

Primary Agricultural Credit Society (PACS), FPOs, Marketing Cooperative Societies, Joint Liability Groups (JLG), Self-Help Groups, Multipurpose Cooperative Societies, Startups, agri entrepreneurs, Central/State agency or Local Body sponsored Public-Private Partnership Projects.

In July 2021, the government approved extending the scheme to APMCs/State Agencies, National & State Federations of Cooperatives, Federations of Farmers Producers Organizations (FPOs) and Federations of Self Help Groups (SHGs).

Need for Agriculture Infrastructure Fund

For approximately 58% of the people of the country, agriculture and allied activities are the chief sources of income. About 85% of farmers manage 45% of the agricultural land, being smallholder farmers (less than 2 hectares of land under cultivation). As such, the annual incomes of most of the farmers in the country are low.

Low connectivity and limited infrastructure connecting farmers and markets mean that 15 – 20% of the output is wasted, which is much higher than in other countries. Investment in agriculture has also been stagnant.

All the above factors mean that a scheme dedicated to improving post-harvest management infrastructure and farming infrastructure is the need of the hour.

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund Objectives

The primary objective of the scheme is to provide financial support for agriculture entrepreneurs to improve agriculture infrastructure in India. 

Objectives for Farmers

• Increase value realization by allowing farmers to sell directly to a larger base of consumers because of improved marketing infrastructure.
• Reduced post-harvest losses and a smaller number of intermediaries because of investment in logistics infrastructure. This will make farmers more independent and give them better access to markets.
• Improved realisation because of modern packaging and cold storage system access, since farmers would be able to decide when to sell.
• Community farming assets for improved productivity and optimization of inputs will result in substantial savings.

Objectives for Government

• Direct priority sector lending in the currently unviable projects by supporting through interest subvention, incentive and credit guarantee. This will boost innovation and private sector investment in agriculture.
• Due to improvements in post-harvest infrastructure, the government will further be able to reduce national food wastage percentage thereby enabling the agriculture sector to become competitive with current global levels.
• Structure viable PPP projects for attracting investment in agriculture infrastructure.

Objectives for Agri Entrepreneurs and Startups

• Push for innovation in the agriculture sector using new technologies such as AI, IoT, etc.
• Improve avenues for collaboration between entrepreneurs and farmers.

Objectives for the Banking Ecosystem

• With Credit Guarantee, incentive and interest subvention, lending institutions will be able to lend with a lower risk.
• A greater role for cooperative banks and regional rural banks (RRBs) through refinance facilities.

Objectives for Consumers

• A larger share of the produce will reach the market and therefore, consumers will be able to benefit from better quality and prices.

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund Scheme – Eligible Projects

The following image gives the list of projects that are eligible for availing of benefits under the AIF.

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund Benefits

The benefits under the AIF are mentioned below.

• Interest subvention: All loans under this financing facility will have an interest subvention of 3% per annum up to a limit of Rs. 2 crore. This subvention will be available for a maximum period of seven years.
• Credit guarantee: Credit guarantee coverage will be available for eligible borrowers under Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme for a loan up to Rs. 2 crore. The fee for this coverage will be paid by the Government.
• Moratorium for repayment: Moratorium for repayment under this financing facility may vary subject to a minimum of 6 months and a maximum of 2 years.

Python-5

Context: DRDO conducts maiden trial of Python-5 Air to Air Missile.

About Python-5

• Python is a family of air-to-air missiles (AAMs) built by the Israeli weapons manufacturer Rafael Advanced Defense Systems.
• Now, India’s indigenous Light Combat Aircraft Tejas has added the 5th generation Python-5 Air-to-Air Missile in its air-to-air weapons capability.
• Python 5 is the newest member in the range of Python AAMs.
• The successful trials were conducted by the DRDO in Goa.
  • Prior to these trials, extensive missile carriage flight tests were conducted at Bengaluru to assess integration of the missile with aircraft systems on board the Tejas, like avionics, fire-control radar, missile weapon delivery system and the flight control system.
• The missile can engage enemy aircraft from very short ranges and near beyond visual range.
• Python-5 is considered among the most sophisticated guided missiles in the world.

Exercise Varuna 2021

Context: Exercise Varuna 2021 concluded.

About Exercise Varuna

• Exercise Varuna is an Indo-French naval exercise that is held annually since .
• 2021 was the 19th edition of the exercise and it was held in the Arabian Sea.
  • From the Indian Navy’s side, INS Kolkata guided missile stealth destroyer, INS Tarkash and INS Talwar guided missile frigates, INS Deepak Fleet Support Ship, with Seaking 42B and Chetak helicopters, a Kalvari-class submarine and P8I Maritime Patrol Aircraft participated.
• The “Varuna” joint exercise is part of the Clemenceau 2021 deployment the French Navy is conducting from February to June 2021 in the eastern Mediterranean, the Gulf and the Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea).
  • Its goal is to contribute to the stabilization of strategic zones and strengthening cooperation with the navies of partner countries, in particular India for the Indian Ocean component.
  • As part of this deployment, the carrier strike group is also taking part in anti-ISIS operations.
• The bilateral naval exercise was initiated in 1983 and it was christened ‘Varuna’ in 2001.