Indian National Movement- Solved Questions - 4 | UPSC Topic Wise Previous Year Questions PDF Download

Question 1:
When the Indian Muslims League was inducted into the interim government in 1946, Liyaqat Ali Khan was assigned the portfolio of [1998]
(a) foreign affairs
(b) home
(c) finance
(d) defense

Correct Answer is Option (c)
The Interim Government was formed on September 2, 1946. With Muslim League joining the interim government, the second-highest-ranking League politician Liaquat Ali Khan became the head of the Department of Finance. Abdur Rab Nishtar headed the Departments of Posts and Air and Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar headed the Department of Commerce. The League nominated a Scheduled Caste Hindu politician Jogendra Nath Mandal to lead the Department of Law.

Question 2:
Assertion (A): Gandhi stopped the Non -Cooperation Movement in 1922. 
Reason (R): Violence at Chauri-Chaura led him to stop the movement. [1998] 
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A. 
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A 
(c) A is true but R is false 
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer is Option (a)
Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920. It progressed powerfully from 1920 – Feb 1922. But the attack on a local police station by angry peasants at Chauri-Chaura in Gorakhpur district of UP on Feb 5, 1922, led Gandhi to stop the movement.

Question 3:
Assertion (A): Congress rejected the Cripps proposals. 
Reason (R): The Cripps Mission consisted solely of whites. [1998]
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A 
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A 
(c) A is true but R is false 
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer is Option (b)
A is right as congress rejected the Cripps proposals as it recommended dominion status instead of complete independence after World  War II. The mission consisted solely of whites.

Question 4:
Assertion (A): The first-ever Bill to make primary education compulsory in India was rejected in 1911. 
Reason (R): Discontent would have increased if every cultivator could read. [1998] 
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A 
(b) Both A  and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A 
(c) A is true but R is false 
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer is Option (d)
A is wrong as it was in 1913 and not in 1911 that a resolution on Education Policy was moved. The government refused to take up the responsibility of compulsory education, but accepted the policy of removal of illiteracy and urged the provincial governments to take early steps to provide free elementary education to the poor and more backward sections.

Question 5:
Assertion (A): The partition of Bengal in 1905 brought to an end the moderates' role in the Indian freedom movement. 
Reason (R): The Surat session of the Indian National Congress separated the Extremists from the Moderates.  [1998] 
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A 
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A 
(c) A is true but R is false 
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer is Option (d)
A is false as the role of moderates continued after the partition of Bengal. Extremists and moderates separated at the Surat session in 1907 but reunited at the 1916 session at Lucknow.

Question 6:
Assertion (A): The Khilafat movement did bring the urban Muslims into the fold of the National Movement. 
Reason (R): There was a predominant element of anti-imperialism in both the National and Khilafat Movement. [1998] 
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A 
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A 
(c) A is true but R is false 
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer is Option (a)
Both are correct and R explains A

Question 7:
Lord Mountbatten came to India as a Viceroy with specific instruction to: [1998] 
(a) balkanize the Indian sub-continent 
(b) keep India united if possible 
(c) accept Jinnah's demand for Pakistan 
(d) persuade Congress to accept the partition

Correct Answer is Option (b)
He was not able to keep India united so he used the Plan Balkan.

Question 8:
Who was the leader of the Ghaddar Party? [1998] 
(a) Bhagat Singh 
(b) Lala Hardayal 
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak 
(d) V.D. Savarkar

Correct Answer is Option (b)
Ghadr was established in 1913 under the leadership of Lala Hardayal. The HQ of Ghadr was in San Francisco.

Question 9:
"The Congress is tottering to its fall and one of my great ambitions while in India, is to assist it to a peaceful demise. "This statement is attributed to:   [1998] 
(a) Lord Dufferin 
(b) Lord Curzon 
(c) Lord Lytton 
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer is Option (b)
Lord Curzon (1899 –1905)

Question 10:
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? [1998] 
1. Theodore Beck: Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, Aligarh. 
2. Ilbert Bill: Ripon 
3. Pherozeshah Mehta: Indian National Congress 
4. Badruddin Tyabji: Muslims League 
Select the correct answer using the codes given below: Codes: 
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 
(b) 2 and 4 
(c) 1, 3 and 4 
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Badruddin Tyabji was not associated with the Muslim League but he was the first Muslim president of INC in 1887 at Madras.

Question 11:
Which one of the following defines extremist ideology during the early phase of the Indian freedom movement?   [1998]
(a) Stimulating the production of indigenous articles by giving them preference over imported commodities 
(b) Obtaining self-government by aggressive means in place of petitions and constitutional ways 
(c) Providing national education according to the requirements of the country 
(d) Organising coups against the British empire through military revolt

Correct Answer is Option (b)
At the beginning of the 20th century, Extremists, a new class of national leaders emerged in India which were different from the moderate group. They took a more aggressive stance against the British Empire. They were typically younger and did not believe in the soft and persuasive approach of the moderate leaders. They did not stick to constitutional methods to protest and demand. They resorted to boycotts, strikes, etc. They also burned foreign-made goods. They believed in confrontation rather than persuasion. They believed in sacrificing everything including life for the cause of the motherland. They opposed the westernization of Indian society by the British.

Question 12:
What is the correct sequence of the following events? 
1. The August offer  
2. The I.N.A trial 
3. The Quit India Movement 
4. The Royal Indian Naval Ratings' Revolt. 
Select the correct answer using the codes given below: Codes:    [1998]
(a) 1, 3, 2, 4 
(b) 3, 1, 2, 4 
(c) 1, 3, 4, 2 
(d) 3, 1, 4, 2

Correct Answer is Option (a)
August Offer –1940; INA Trial–1945; Quit India Movement–1942; Royal Indian Navy Ratings Revolt–1946

Question 13:
Which one of the following events, was characterized by Montague as 'Preventive Murder'? [1998] 
(a) Killing of INA activities 
(b) Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh 
(c) Shooting of the Mahatma 
(d) Shooting of Curzon-Wythe

Correct Answer is Option (b)
Jalianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, at Amritsar. This event is characterized by Montague as 'Preventive Murder'.

Question 14:
The Indian Muslims, in general, were not attracted to the Extremist movement because of : [1998] 
(a) influence' of Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan 
(b) the anti-Muslim attitude of Extremist leaders 
(c) the indifference is shown to Muslim aspirations 
(d) extremists' policy of harping on the Hindu aspect

Correct Answer is Option (d)
The extremists believed in sacrificing everything including life for the cause of the motherland. They tried to instill self-respect and patriotism in the people by invoking past heroes like Ashoka, Shivaji, Maharana Pratap, and Rani Laxmibai. Because of the extremist's policy of harping on the Hindu past, The Indian Muslims, in general, were not attracted to the extremist movement.

Question 15:
Simon Commission of 1927 was boycotted because [1998] 
(a) there was no Indian member in the Commission 
(b) it supported the Muslim League 
(c) Congress felt that the people of India are entitled to Swaraj 
(d) there were differences among the members

Correct Answer is Option (a)
All 7 members of the Simon Commission were whites.

Question 16:
What is the correct sequence of the following events? 
1. Tilak's Home Rule League [1998] 
2. Karnagatamaru Incident 3. Mahatma Gandhi's arrival in India 
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2, 3 
(b) 3, 2, 1 
(c) 2,1, 3 
(d) 2, 3, 1

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Tilak’s Home Rule League – April, 1916; Karnagatamaru Incident – September, 1914; Mahatma Gandhi’s arrival in India from South Africa –1915

Question 17:
M.C. Setalvad, B.N. Rao and Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer were distinguished members of the: [1997] 
(a) Swaraj Party 
(b) All India National Liberal Federation 
(c) Madras Labour Union 
(d) Servants of India Society

Correct Answer is Option (d)
The Servants of India Society was formed in Pune, Maharashtra, on June 12, 1905, by Gopal Krishna Gokhale. All are related to this organization.

Question 18:
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer:  [1997]

(a) A – 3; B – 4; C – 1; D – 5 
(b) A – 4; B – 3; C – 2; D – 5 
(c) A – 3; B – 4; C – 2; D – 1 
(d) A – 2; B – 4; C – 3; D – 1

Correct Answer is Option (c)
The Chittagong Armoury Raid was led by Surya Sen. The Kakori Revolution was a train robbery that took place between Kakori and Alamnagar, near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925. The robbery was conceived by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan who belonged to the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). Jatin Das was arrested for revolutionary activities and was imprisoned in Lahore jail to be tried under the supplementary Lahore Conspiracy Case. The founding president of the Ghadar Party was Sohan Singh Bhakna and Lala Hardayal was the co-founder of this party.

Question 19:
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [1997]

(a) A – 4; B – 3; C – 1; D – 5 
(b) A – 4; B – 3; C – 2; D – 1 
(c) A – 2; B – 5; C – 4; D – 1 
(d) A – 1; B – 4; C – 2; D – 3

Correct Answer is Option (b)
Surat split in 1907 session of INC was presided by Ras Behari Ghosh; Communal Award was announced by Ramsay McDonald in August 1932; Poorna Swarajaya resolution was passed in 1929 session of INC at Lahore presided over by Nehru.

Question 20:
The Poona Pact which was signed between the British Government and Mahatma Gandhi in 1934 provided for:   
(a) creation of dominion status for India  
(b) separate electorates for the Muslims 
(c) separate electorate for the Harijans 
(d) joint electorate with reservation for Harijans

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Poona Pact was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes in September 1932. The pact abandoned separate electorates for the depressed classes. But the seats reserved for the depressed classes were increased both in provincial and state legislatures.

Question 21:
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

(a) A – 3; B – 4; C – 5; D – 2 
(b) A – 4; B – 1; C – 2; D – 3 
(c) A – 2; B – 3; C – 4; D – 5 
(d) A – 3; B – 1; C – 2; D – 5

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Morley-Minto reforms – 1909; Simon Commission–1927; Chauri-Chaura Incident–1922; Dandi March–1930

Question 22:
"A graduate at 18, professor and associate editor of the Sudharak at 20, Secretary of the Sarvajanik Sabha and of the Provincial Conference at 25, Secretary of the National Congress at 29, leading witness before an important Royal Commission at 31, Provincial legislator at 34, Imperial legislator at 36, President of the Indian National Congress at 39, a patriot whom Mahatma Gandhi himself regarded as his master".    [1997] 
This is how a biographer describes: 
(a) Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya 
(b) Mahadev Govind Ranade 
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale 
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Correct Answer is Option (c)
This statement relates to Gopal Krishna Gokhale, who was born May 9, 1866, in Kotaluk, Maharashtra. Gokhale at the age of 18 graduated from Elphinstone College in 1884. He at the age of 39 became President in the 1905 session of INC held at Benaras.

Question 23:
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:   [1997]

(a) A – 3; B – 2; C – 1; D – 4 
(b) A – 1; B – 4; C – 2; D – 3 
(c) A – 2; B – 1; C – 3; D – 4 
(d) A – 2; B – 4; C –  1; D – 3

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Butler Committee - Relation between Indian states & paramount power Hurtog Committee - Growth of British India education-its effects Hunter Commission - Jallianwalabagh massacre Muddiman Committee - Working of Diarchy as in Montague Chelmsford reforms

Question 24:
Who among the following suggested the winding up of the Indian National Congress after India attained independence? [1996] 
(a) C. Rajagopalachari 
(b) Acharya Kripalani 
(c) Mahatma Gandhi 
(d) Jayaprakash Narain

Correct Answer is Option (c)
Mahatma Gandhi suggested the winding up of the Indian National Congress after India attained independence, as its main aim to fight for Indian independence had been attained.

Question 25:
Consider the following statements:   [1996] 
The Non-Cooperation Movement led to: 
1. Congress becoming a mass movement for the first time 
2. Growth of Hindu-Muslim unity 
3. Removal of fear of the British might from the minds of the people 
4. British government's willingness to grant political concessions to Indians 
Of these statements: 
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct 
(b) 2 and 3 are correct 
(c) 1 and 3 are correct 
(d) 3 and 4 are correct

Correct Answer is Option (b)
Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Movement were launched in 1920. The two movements emerged from separate issues, but they adopted a common programme of action that of non-violent and non-cooperation. There was increasing Hindu-Muslim unity against the British.

Question 26:
Match List I with II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:    [1996]

(a) A – 4; B – 3; C – 1; D – 2
(b) A – 3; B – 4; C – 1; D – 2
(c) A – 4; B – 3; C – 2; D – 1
(d) A – 3; B – 4; C – 2; D – 1

Correct Answer is Option (c)
The first session of the National Conference at Calcutta was organized in 1883, the Muslim league was founded in 1906 at Dacca, the formation of All India States Peoples Conference was held in 1927 and the Communal Award from Whitehall was announced in 1932.

Question 27:
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer:   [1996]

(a) A – 4; B – 1; C – 3; D – 2 
(b) A – 1; B – 4; C – 3; D – 2 
(c) A – 1; B – 4; C – 2; D – 3 
(d) A – 4; B – 1; C – 2; D – 3

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Abhinav Bharat – 1904; Anushilan Samiti – 1906; Gadar Party – 1913; Swaraj Party – 1906

Question 28:
Which one of the following is not correct about the Cabinet Mission Plan?  [1996] 
(a) Provincial grouping 
(b) Interim Cabinet of Indians 
(c) Acceptance of Pakistan 
(d) Constitution framing right

Correct Answer is Option (c)
Cabinet mission proposed a rejection of the demand for a full-fledged Pakistan because Pakistan so formed would include a large non-muslim population – 38% in the NW and 48% in the N-E.

Question 29:
Consider the following statements about Jawaharlal Nehru: [1996] 
1. He was the president of the Congress Party in 1947 
2. He presided over the Constituent Assembly 
3. He formed the first Congress Ministry in United Province before India's independence 
Of these statements: 
(a) 1, 2, and 3 are correct 
(b) 1 and 3 are correct 
(c) 1 and 2 are correct 
(d) none is correct

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Acharya JB Kriplani was the president of the Congress Party in 1947. Dr. Rajendra Prasad presided over the Constituent Assembly. GB Pant formed the first Congress Ministry in United Province before India attained independence.

Question 30:
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer:   [1996]

(a) A – 4; B – 1; C – 3; D – 2 
(b) A – 1; B – 4; C – 3; D – 2 
(c) A – 4; B – 1; C – 2; D – 3 
(d) A – 1; B – 4; C – 2; D – 3

Correct Answer is Option (c)
The correct matches of the following persons with their books are given below:

Question 31:
Who among the following was a prominent leader of the Congress Socialist Party? [1996] 
(a) M.N. Roy 
(b) Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi 
(c) Pattam Thanu Pillai 
(d) Acharya Narendra Dev

Correct Answer is Option (d)
CSP was formed in 1934 by JP Narayan, Acharya Narendra Dev, Basawon Singh and Yogendra Shukla

Question 32:
The meeting of Indian and British political leaders during 1930–32 in London has often been referred to as the First, Second and Third Round Table Conferences. It would be incorrect to refer to them as such because:    [1996] 
(a) the Indian National Congress did not take part in two of them 
(b) Indian parties other than the Indian National Congress, participating in the conference represented sectional interests and not the whole of India 
(c) the British Labour Party had withdrawn from the conference thereby making the proceeding of the conference partisan 
(d) It was an instance of a conference held in three sessions and not that of three separate conference

Correct Answer is Option (d)
The first round table conference was initially between the British and the Indians as equals. The INC did not participate in the first and third conferences.

Question 33:
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act (1919) was popularly known as the:  [1996]
(a) Rowlatt Act
(b) Pitt's India Act
(c) Indian Arms Act
(d) Ilbert Bill

Correct Answer is Option (a)
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act (1919) was popularly known as the Rowlatt Act. Gandhi Ji called it a Black act.

Question 34:
B.R. Ambedkar was elected to the Constituent Assembly from:  [1996] 
(a) West Bengal 
(b) Bombay President 
(c) Madhya Bharat 
(d) Punjab

Correct Answer is Option (a)
He was a resident of the Bombay Presidency but was elected to Constituent Assembly from WB.

Question 35:
Who among the following leaders did not believe in the drain theory of Dadabhai Naoroji? [1996] 
(a) B.G. Tilak 
(b) R.C. Dutt 
(c) M.G. Ranade 
(d) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

Correct Answer is Option (d)
The drain theory was put forward by Dadabhai Naoroji in his book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan did not believe in the drain theory of Dadabhai Naoroji.

Question 36:
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). 
Assertion (A): The British sovereignty continued to exist in free India. 
Reason (R): The British sovereign appointed the last Governor-General of free India. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct? [1996]
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A 
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A 
(c) A is true but R is false 
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer is Option (d)
The British sovereignty ceased to exist in India after Aug 15, 1947.

Question 37:
Which one of the following first mooted the idea of a constituent assembly to frame a constitution for India? [1996] 
(a) Swaraj Party in 1934 
(b) Congress Party in 1936 
(c) Muslims League in 1942 
(d) All Parties Conference in 1946

Correct Answer is Option (a)
Swaraj party was formed in 1923 by CR Das.

Question 38:
The Sarabandi (no tax) campaign of 1922 was led by:  [1996]
(a) Bhagat Singh 
(b) Chittaranjan Das   
(c) Rajaguru 
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel

Correct Answer is Option (d)
It was led by Vallabh Bhai Patel in Gujarat.

Question 39:
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [1995] 
(a) Jamnalal Bajaj—Satyagraha Ashram at Wardha 
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji—Bombay Association 
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai—National School at Lahore 
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak—Satya Shodhak Sabha

Correct Answer is Option (d)
Satya Sodhak Samaj was founded by Jyoti Ba Phule in 1873.

Question 40:
In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi started Civil Disobedience Movement from:  [1995] 
(a) Sevagram 
(b) Dandi 
(c) Sabarmati 
(d) Wardha

Correct Answer is Option (c)
On 12 March 1930, Gandhi started his civil disobedience movement by starting Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Gujarat and reached Dandi on 6 April 1930 and broke the salt law.