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Broader Framework to Deal with Terrorism | UPSC Mains: Internal Security & Disaster Management PDF Download

  • National security is a multifaceted and all-encompassing concept related to building comprehensive national power. It envisages a symbiotic relationship between internal and external security, reinforcing the premise that a country’s external security posture is organically linked to its internal strength.
  • For internal stability, strong political institutions, economic growth, social harmony, efficient law and order machinery, expeditious judicial relief and good governance are prerequisites.
  • A sound framework to deal with terrorism would be an integrated and comprehensive whole in keeping with India’s cultural ethos, which would lay down what needs to be done to meet the cross domain and other challenges. Security begets stability, and both are essential for growth and development.

The major focus areas of the strategy can be:

To tackle violence

  • Protection of minorities, remote and scattered populations
  • Protection of vital installations
  • Strengthening of counter-terrorism grid through greater functional integration of the efforts through an institutional framework of Operation Groups and Intelligence Groups at all levels
  • Improved technology, gadgetry and equipment for state Police, Central Police Forces and modernization/ strengthening of Police in general to prepare the organization to take over the lead role in the direct anti-terrorism operations
  • Providing specific intelligence to ensure operations with focused target
  • Involving people through volunteer Village Defence Committees, etc.
  • Ensuring that while no quarter is provided to the terrorists, the Security Forces (SFs) take steps to avoid collateral damage (as far as possible) and also to show a humane face to the innocent civilians and thus develop better relations with the local population
  • Dynamic force deployment and flexibility of tactics to counter the changing strategies of terrorists

To tackle cross-border terrorism

  • Curbing infiltration/ex-filtration.
  • Fencing of International Border (IB) and creating obstacles along the Line of Control (LoC) and in depth areas along terrorist routes (supported by multi-tier deployment).
  • Enhancing intelligence capabilities.
The document Broader Framework to Deal with Terrorism | UPSC Mains: Internal Security & Disaster Management is a part of the UPSC Course UPSC Mains: Internal Security & Disaster Management.
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FAQs on Broader Framework to Deal with Terrorism - UPSC Mains: Internal Security & Disaster Management

1. What is the broader framework to deal with terrorism?
Ans. The broader framework to deal with terrorism involves a multi-faceted approach that includes both preventive and reactive measures. It encompasses intelligence gathering, law enforcement, international cooperation, counter-radicalization efforts, and addressing the root causes of terrorism such as poverty, political grievances, and social marginalization.
2. How does intelligence gathering play a role in countering terrorism?
Ans. Intelligence gathering plays a crucial role in countering terrorism as it helps in identifying and tracking potential threats, understanding terrorist networks, and preventing terrorist activities. This involves collecting and analyzing information from various sources, including human intelligence, signals intelligence, and open-source intelligence, to identify patterns, trends, and potential vulnerabilities that can be exploited to disrupt terrorist operations.
3. What is the significance of international cooperation in combating terrorism?
Ans. International cooperation is essential in combating terrorism as terrorism knows no boundaries and often transcends national borders. Close collaboration between countries allows for the sharing of information, intelligence, and best practices, strengthening the collective ability to prevent, detect, and respond to terrorist threats. It also enables joint efforts in disrupting transnational terrorist networks, tracking terrorist financing, and extraditing terrorists to face justice.
4. How do counter-radicalization efforts contribute to tackling terrorism?
Ans. Counter-radicalization efforts aim to prevent individuals from being radicalized or recruited into terrorist ideologies. These efforts involve various strategies such as community engagement, education, and rehabilitation programs to address the root causes of radicalization and extremism. By promoting inclusivity, tolerance, and resilience, counter-radicalization efforts help in reducing the appeal of extremist ideologies and ultimately contribute to tackling terrorism at its ideological core.
5. Why is addressing the root causes of terrorism important in the broader framework?
Ans. Addressing the root causes of terrorism is important as it helps in addressing the underlying grievances and conditions that make individuals susceptible to radicalization and recruitment by terrorist groups. Poverty, lack of opportunities, political oppression, social marginalization, and religious or ethnic tensions are some of the factors that can contribute to the rise of terrorism. By addressing these root causes through socio-economic development, good governance, human rights protection, and social cohesion, the broader framework can create an environment less conducive to terrorism.
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