Conjunction | English Grammar for Junior Classes - Class 1 PDF Download

Introduction

• Rahul passed because he had worked hard.
  
• I wait until the train arrived.
  
• Dheeraj is clever but lazy.

Types of Conjunctions

Conjunctions are mainly used to join actions, ideas and thoughts.
They are categorised into three main types:

• Coordinating conjunctions: used to combine two independent clauses. Examples of coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so.
• Subordinating conjunctions: used to combine an independent clause and a dependent clause. Examples of subordinating conjunctions are if, although, though, after, before, because, as if, unless, until, when, while, etc.
• Correlative conjunctions: used to combine two phrases or parts of the sentence which have equal importance within a sentence. Examples of correlative conjunctions are not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, rather…or, if…then, etc.

Joining Words (Conjunctions)

Examples of joining words

• I like grapes and oranges.
• Is the bag black or white?
• Ravi is jumping but Rani is skipping.
• All like Abhishek because he is obedient.

The words ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘or’ and ‘because’ used in the above sentences are joining words. They join together words, group of words or sentences. Such joining words are called Conjunctions.
The word that joins words or two sentences is called conjunction.
Conjunction is an important part of grammar that helps us form complex sentences with ease.

Some commonly used conjunctions

‘And’

• ‘And’ is a connecting word that tells us more.
• Example: The bird can fly and hop.

‘But’ 

• ‘But’ is a connecting word that makes a contrast between two words or sentences.
• Example: Tia picked up the mango but did not eat it.

‘Or’

• ‘Or’ is a connecting word that suggests that only one possibility can be realized.
• Example: You can have tea or coffee.

‘Because’

• ‘Because’ is a connecting word that connect the result of something with its reason.
• Example: They took him to hospital because he was sick.