The French Revolution Class 9 Worksheet History Chapter 1

Q.1. Fill in the blanks.
(i) ________ sought to refute the doctrine of the divine and absolute right of the Monarch.

Locke sought to refute the doctrine of the divine and absolute right of the Monarch.

(ii) Louis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on the charge of _________.

Louis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on the charge of treason.

(iii) The slave trade began in the ________________ century.

The slave trade began in the seventeenth century.

(iv)  Louis XVI was executed publicly at the _______________________.

Louis XVI was executed publicly at the Place de la Concorde.

(v) On the morning of ___________, the city of Paris was in a state of alarm.

On the morning of 14 July 1789, the city of Paris was in a state of alarm.

Q.2. Which term was used in France for newly elected assembly in 1791?
Ans: The term used in France for the newly elected assembly in 1791 was the National Assembly.

Q.3. What form of government was in practice in France in 1789?
Ans: Monarchy In 1789, France was under a monarchy. The king held significant power, and the government was largely controlled by him. Key points about the monarchy in France at that time:

• The king was Louis XVI, who ruled with absolute authority.
• France faced financial difficulties due to wars and extravagant spending.
• Public discontent was growing, leading to calls for change.

This situation set the stage for the events of the French Revolution.

Q.4. When did the French Revolution break?
Ans: 14 July 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution.

• On this day, the people of Paris were alarmed by the king's orders to move troops into the city.
• Rumours spread that the army would attack citizens.
• A crowd of around 7,000 formed a militia and searched for arms.
• They stormed the Bastille, a fortress prison, seeking ammunition.
• The commander of the Bastille was killed, and a few prisoners were released.
• The Bastille symbolised the king's oppressive power and was subsequently demolished.

Q.5. When did France become a constitutional monarchy?
Ans: The year 1791 marked the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in France. Key developments included:

• The National Assembly completed the constitution, aiming to limit the monarch's powers.
• Power was distributed among different institutions: the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
• This separation of powers was a significant change from absolute monarchy.

The Constitution of 1791 granted law-making authority to the National Assembly, which was indirectly elected by citizens through a group of electors.

Q.6. What was the main object of national assembly in France while drafting the constitution in 1791?
Ans: The main objective of the National Assembly in 1791 was to limit the powers of the monarch. Key aspects of this effort included:

• Separation of powers among different institutions: legislature, executive, and judiciary.
• Establishment of a constitutional monarchy.
• Vesting law-making authority in the National Assembly, which was indirectly elected.

Only men over 25 who paid certain taxes were allowed to vote, categorising citizens into active and passive groups.

Q.7. Who wrote the book two treatises of government?

Ans: John Locke wrote the book ‘Two Treatises of Government’.John Locke

Q.8. Who followed the policy of severe control and punishment in France?

Ans: Robespierre was the leader who enforced a policy of severe control and punishment in France during the Reign of Terror.

He targeted those he considered enemies of the republic, including ex-nobles, clergy and members of rival political parties.

• Even his own supporters who disagreed with his methods
• Those arrested faced trials by a revolutionary tribunal.
• If found guilty, they were often executed by guillotine.

Robespierre believed that to protect the republic, it was necessary to use terror as a form of justice.

Q.9. Which was the most revolutionary social reform of the Jacobin regime?
Ans: One of the most revolutionary social reforms of the Jacobin regime was the abolition of slavery in the French colonies.

• The colonies, such as Martinique, Guadeloupe, and San Domingo, were vital for commodities like sugar and coffee.
• Labour shortages on plantations led to a triangular slave trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
• In 1794, the Convention legislated to free all slaves in French overseas possessions.
• This reform was temporary, as Napoleon reinstated slavery in 1804.
• Slavery was ultimately abolished in French colonies in 1848.

Q.10. In which year French women got the right to vote?
Ans: Women in France gained the right to vote in 1946.

Q.11. Who wrote the spirit of the laws?
Ans: Montesquieu wrote The Spirit of the Laws.

Q.12. In which book Rousseau mention the idea of one person, one vote?
Ans: The Social Contract In his work, The Social Contract, Rousseau introduces the principle of one person, one vote. Key points include:

• Rousseau advocates for a government formed through a social contract between the people and their representatives.
• This idea promotes equal voting rights, where each individual has a voice in decision-making.
• Rousseau's concept influenced democratic movements, highlighting the importance of equality in governance.

Q.13. What sort of clothes were worn by the Jacobins?
Ans: The Jacobins, who were part of the less affluent sections of society, adopted a distinctive style of clothing to express their identity. They typically wore:

• Long striped trousers are similar to those worn by dock workers.
• A red cap, which symbolised liberty.

This attire was a way to differentiate themselves from the more fashionable nobles, who wore knee breeches.

Q.14. Between which three countries was the triangular slave trade held?
Ans: The triangular slave trade occurred between three regions:

• Europe
• Africa
• The Americas

This trade began in the seventeenth century and involved the exchange of goods and enslaved people across these continents.

Q.15. Which period is referred to as the reign of terror?
Ans: The period from 1793 to 1794 is known as the Reign of Terror.

• Led by Robespierre, this era was marked by strict control and harsh punishments.
• Many were arrested, including former nobles, clergy, and even political allies.
• Those found guilty were often executed by the guillotine.
• Robespierre's policies led to widespread fear, even among his supporters.
• He was ultimately arrested and executed in July 1794.

Q.16. Who was defeated in the battle of waterloo?
Ans: Napoleon BonaparteNapoleon Bonaparte

Q.17. Who wrote the book ‘The Social Contract’?
Ans: Rousseau wrote the book ‘The Social Contract’.

Q.18. What does a sceptre stand for?
Ans: Sceptre is a symbol that represents royal power. It signifies authority and governance, often associated with monarchs and their rule.