Lab Manual: Probability of each Outcome or a Die - Class 9 PDF Download

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Objective

Materials Required

• Notebook
• A fair die
• Pen

Prerequisite Knowledge
Basic knowledge of probability and a fair die.

Theory

• For basic knowledge of probability refer to Activity 33.
• A fair die is small cube having dots, 1 to 6 on its faces.

Procedure

• Firstly, divide the whole class in ten groups, say G₁, G₂, G₃, …….., G₁₀ of a suitable size.
• Allow all groups to throw a die 100 times and ask them to note down the observations, i.e. the number of times the outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 come up.
• If 1 appears in all the groups a times. Similarly, count the number of times each of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 has appeared. Denote them by b, c, d, e and f, respectively.
• Now, find the probability of each outcome (E) by using the formula,
  

Demonstration

• There are 10 groups and all the groups throw a die 100 times. So, the total number of trials is 1000.
• As, 1 has appeared a times.
  Hence, experimental probability of 1, P(1) = (a/1000)
  similarly, experimental probability of 2, P(2) = (b/1000)
  experimental probability of 3, P(3) = (c/1000)
  experimental probability of 4, P(4) = (d/1000)
  experimental probability of 5, P(5) = (e/1000)
  and  experimental probability of 6, P(6) = (f/1000)

Observations
Fill the results of your experiment in the table given below.

Hence,
P(1) = (?/1000)
P(2) = (?/1000)
P(3) = (?/1000)
P(4) = (?/1000)
P(5) = (?/1000)
P(6) = (?/1000)

Result
We have got the experimental probability of each outcome of a die, when it is thrown a large number of times.

Application
The knowledge of probability is used by many statistical institutions in estimating/predicting next action based on available data.