Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Class 7 Worksheet History Chapter 5

Q1. Who subjugated the Cheros?
Ans: Under Aurangzeb, the Mughal forces successfully captured many Chero fortresses and effectively subjugated the tribe. Key points include:

• The Mughal conquest began with Raja Man Singh, who defeated the Cheros in 1591.
• A significant amount of booty was taken, but the tribe was not fully subdued at that time.
• Later, under Aurangzeb, the Mughals intensified their efforts against the Cheros.

Q2. What made the brahmanas more influential in the Gond society?
Ans: Brahmanas gained significant influence in Gond society due to several key factors:

• They received land grants from the Gond rajas.
• This financial support allowed them to become more powerful and respected.
• The Gond chiefs sought recognition as Rajputs, further elevating the status of Brahmanas.

Q3. Why did Mughals attack Ahom kingdom?
Ans: In 1662, the Mughals, led by Mir Jumla, launched an attack on the Ahom kingdom. Key points include:

• The Mughal forces aimed to expand their territory.
• Despite a brave defence, the Ahoms were defeated.
• However, the Mughals could not maintain direct control over the region for long.

The Ahom kingdom had a history of strong resistance against invasions, particularly due to their skilled military leaders.

Q4. Who were the most important trader nomads?
Ans: The Banjaras were the most significant trader-nomads in history.

• They operated caravans known as tandas.
• During the reign of Sultan Alauddin Khalji, they transported grain to city markets.
• Emperor Jahangir noted that they carried grain on their bullocks from various regions to sell in towns.
• They played a crucial role in supplying food grain for the Mughal army, with up to 100,000 bullocks involved during military campaigns.
• A typical tanda could consist of 600 to 700 people, travelling around 6 to 7 miles a day.

Q5. Who were Gonds?
Ans: The Gonds inhabited a large forested area known as Gondwana, meaning "country of the Gonds." They were primarily engaged in shifting cultivation, a farming method where land is cleared and cultivated until its fertility diminishes.

• The Gonds were predominantly located in present-day Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh.
• They formed numerous clans, each led by its own raja or rai.
• As the power of the Delhi Sultans waned, larger Gond kingdoms began to emerge, overshadowing smaller clans.

Q6. What kinds of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturists?
Ans: Nomadic pastoralists engaged in exchanges with settled agriculturists, trading various goods:

• Wool and ghee from pastoralists
• Grain, cloth, and utensils from agriculturists
• Other products were also exchanged

This mutual trade benefited both groups by providing essential resources.

Q7. Which was the most influential tribe in Punjab during 13th and 14th century?
Ans: In Punjab, the Khokhar tribe was highly influential during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

• They played a significant role in the region's history.
• Later, the Gakkhars gained prominence.
• Kamal Khan Gakkhar, their chief, was appointed a noble by Emperor Akbar.
• In Multan and Sind, the Langahs and Arghuns were dominant before being subdued by the Mughals.

Q8. Who was Rani Durgawati?
Ans: Rani Durgawati was the daughter of Salbahan, the Chandel Rajput raja of Mahoba. She married Dalpat, the son of Gond raja Aman Das. After Dalpat's early death, Rani Durgawati:

• Assumed control of the kingdom for her young son, Bir Narain.
• Expanded the kingdom significantly.
• Led a strong resistance against Mughal forces in 1565.
• Chose to die rather than surrender after being defeated.

Q9. What did Mughal capture when they defeat the Gonds?
Ans: When the Mughals defeated the Gonds, they captured:

• A large amount of precious coins.
• Many elephants.

They also annexed part of the Gond kingdom.

Q10. Who was Raja Man Singh?
Ans: Raja Man Singh was a notable general under the Mughal Emperor Akbar.

• He led military campaigns against the Chero tribe.
• In 1591, he successfully attacked and defeated them.
• A significant amount of booty was seized during this campaign.
• Despite this victory, the Cheros were not completely subdued.