Table of contents |
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Introduction |
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Types of Statements |
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Types of Questions |
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Sentences with Question Tags |
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Exclamations and Wishes |
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Key Points to Remember |
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Declarative Statements: Expresses a fact or opinion.
Positive and Negative Statements:
Universal Truths: Always true, scientifically or logically.
Yes/No Questions: Can be answered with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’.
WH-Questions: Start with ‘What, Where, When, Why, How, Who, Whose, Which’.
Choice Questions: Offer two or more options.
Tag Questions: A small question at the end of a statement.
Rhetorical Questions: Asked for effect, no answer expected.
In indirect speech, the question tag is usually omitted.
Examples:
Direct: She said to me, “You didn’t break the window, did you?”
Indirect: She asked me if/whether I had broken the window.
Direct: He said to Geeta, “You are going to the station, aren’t you?”
Indirect: He asked Geeta if/whether she was going to the station.
In indirect speech, ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ is replaced with a short answer.
Examples:
Direct: He said, “Can you dance?” And I said, “No.”
Indirect: He asked me if I could dance and I replied that I couldn’t.
Direct: My mother said, “Will you come home on time?” And I said, “Yes.”
Indirect: My mother asked me if I would come home on time and I replied.
In indirect speech:
Examples:
Direct: Hari said, “I have to work a lot.”
Indirect: Hari said that he had to work a lot.
Direct: Hari said, “I had to work a lot.”
Indirect: Hari said that he had had to work a lot.
In indirect speech, these words are removed and replaced with ‘respectfully’ in the reporting clause.
Example:
In indirect speech, exclamatory words like "Hurrah!", "Alas!", "Oh!", "Bravo!", etc., are removed and replaced with expressions like ‘exclaimed with joy’, ‘exclaimed with sorrow’, etc.
Examples:
Direct: Rohan said, “Hurrah! We won the match.”
Indirect: Rohan exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.
Direct: Reema said, “Alas! Karina’s mother is suffering from cancer.”
Indirect: Reema exclaimed with sorrow that Karina’s mother was suffering from cancer.
Direct: The captain said to Kapil, “Bravo! You scored 89 runs.”
Indirect: The captain exclaimed with praise that he (Kapil) had scored 89 runs.
Exclamatory sentences expressing wishes begin with ‘prayed’ or ‘blessed’.
Examples:
Direct: My mother said, “May God bless you!”
Indirect: My mother prayed to God for my well-being.
Direct: She said, “May God save the country!”
Indirect: She prayed to God to save the country.
Direct: They said to the king, “Long live!”
Indirect: They blessed the king for his long life.
Exclamatory sentences are turned into statements in indirect speech.
Examples:
Direct: Mohan said, “What a pity!”
Indirect: Mohan exclaimed that it was a great pity.
Direct: I said, “How stupid he is!”
Indirect: I exclaimed that it was very stupid of him.
Direct: “What a terrible sight it is!” said the traveller.
Indirect: The traveller exclaimed that it was a very terrible sight.
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1. What are the different types of statements in English? | ![]() |
2. How do you form questions in English? | ![]() |
3. What are question tags and how are they used in sentences? | ![]() |
4. How can exclamations and wishes be formed in English? | ![]() |
5. What are the key points to remember regarding statements and questions? | ![]() |