Q.1. What is Hook swinging festival?
In this popular festival, devotees underwent a peculiar form of suffering as part of ritual worship. With hooks pierced through their skin they swung themselves on a wheel.
Q.2. Which social reformer was popularly called as Periyar?
E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
Q.3. Who were known as Vaishyas?
Traders and moneylenders often were known as Vaishyas.
Q.4. Who were Ati Shudras?
They were untouchables.
Q.5. Who were Shudras?
They belong to labouring castes.
Q.6. Who was Mumtaz Ali?
Mumtaz Ali was a social reformer who reinterpreted verses from the Koran to argue for women’s education.
Q.7. Why do people view leather workers with contempt?
Leatherworkers have been traditionally held in contempt since they work with dead animals which are seen as dirty and polluting.
Q.8. What was the Satyashodhak Samaj? Who had founded it?
The Satyashodhak Samaj, an association Phule founded, propagated caste equality.
Q.9. Write a short note on Satnami movement?
The Satnami movement in Central India was founded by Ghasidas who worked among the leatherworkers and organised a movement to improve their social status.
Q.10. Why were untouchable students not allowed to enter the classrooms where upper-caste boys were taught?
There was a false notion among the upper-caste that untouchable would pollute the classroom where their children are taught.
Q.11. How did reformers bring changes in society?
Reformers bring changes in society by persuading people to give up old practices and adopt a new way of life.
Q.12. Who was Raja Rammohun Roy?
Raja Rammohun Roy was a social reformer. He founded a reform association known as the Brahmo Sabha (later known as the Brahmo Samaj) in Calcutta.
Q.13. Name the Hindu scriptures which were criticized by Periyar.
Periyar was an outspoken critic of Hindu scriptures, especially the Codes of Manu, the ancient lawgiver, and the Bhagavad Gita and the Ramayana.
Q.14. Who were Madigas?
Madigas were an important untouchable caste of present-day Andhra Pradesh. They were experts at cleaning hides, tanning them for use, and sewing sandals.
Q.15. Why people such as Rammohun Roy are described as reformers?
People such as Rammohun Roy are described as reformers because they felt that changes were necessary in society, and unjust practices needed to be done away with.
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1. How did women's participation in the reform movements contribute to social change in India? |
2. What role did caste play in shaping women's experiences during the reform movements? |
3. How did the reform movements impact the lives of women from different castes in India? |
4. What were the major challenges faced by women in their fight for social reform in India? |
5. How did the reform movements contribute to the overall empowerment of women in India? |
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