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Let the distance from A to B be "x", then the distance from B to C will be 3x. Now the speed of Train 2 is double of Train 1. Let the speed of Train 1 be "v", then the speed of Train 2 will be "2v" while travelling from A to B.
Time taken by Train 1 = (x/v)
Time taken by Train 2 = (x/2v)
Now from B to C distance is "3x" and the speed of Train 2 is (v) and the speed of Train 1 is (2v).
Time taken by Train 1 = 3x/2v
Time taken by Train 2 = 3x/v
Total time taken by Train 1 = x/v(1+(3/2)) = (5/2)(x/v)
Total time taken by Train 2 = x/v(3+(1/2))= (7/2)(x/v)
Ratio of time taken = 5/2 x 2/7 = 5/7

Let Jack take "t" days to complete the work, then John will take "2t" days to complete the work. So work done by Jack in one day is (1/t) and John is (1/2t) . 
Now let Jim take "m" days to complete the work. According to question, 1/t + 1/m = 3/2t or 1/m = 1/2t or m = 2t.  Hence Jim takes "2t" time to complete the work.
Now let the three of them complete the work in "p" days. Hence John takes "p+3" days to complete the work.

or m = 1. Hence JIm will take (1 + 3) = 4 days to complete the work. Similarly John will also take 4 days to complete the work

Now g(20) = 72 from this we get a = -4 ; f(x) = x² − 4x + b
For this expression to be greater than zero it has to be a perfect square which is possible for b ≥ 4.
Hence the smallest value of 'b' is 4.

For two years the compound interest is 

For three years the simple interest is 9PR/100
Now R(1)= 5% and R=3%
Hence,

= 1125

Solving we get P= 90000

We can form the following figure based on the given information:

Since OA = 4 m and OB = 3 m; AB = 5 m. OR bisects the chord into PC and QC. 
Since AB = 5 m, we have a + b = 5      ...(i)
Also, 4² − k² = a²...(ii) and 3² − k² = b²  ...(iii)
Subtracting (iii) from (ii), we get: a² − b² = 7...(iv)
Substituting (i) in (iv), we get a - b = 1.4      ...(v)

Solving (i) and (v), we obtain the value of a = 3.2 and b =1.8
Hence, k² = 5.76
Moving on to the larger triangle △ POC, we have 5² − k²  = (x+a)²
Substituting the previous values, we get: (25 − 5.76) = (x+3.2)²

Similarly, solving for y using △ QOC, we get y = 2.59
Therefore, PQ = 5 + 2.59 + 1.19 = 8.78 ≈ 8.8m
Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

Now car A beats car B by 45km. Let the speed of car A be v(a) and speed of car B be v(b).

 where '"m" is the entire distance of the race track.

Moreover 

and finally 

Multiplying (1) and (2) we get (3). 

Solving we get m = 450 which is the length of the entire race track

Here there are two cases possible
Case 1: When 7 is at the left extreme
In that case 3 can occupy any of the three remaining places and the remaining two places can be taken by (0,1,2,4,5,6,8,9)
So total ways 3(8)(7)= 168
Case 2: When 7 is not at the extremes
Here there are 3 cases possible. And the remaining two places can be filled in 7(7) ways.(Remember 0 can't come on the extreme left)
Hence in total 3(7)(7)=147 ways
Total ways 168+147=315 ways

Let the sides of the rectangle be "a" and "3a" m. Hence the perimeter of the rectangle is 8a.
Let the side of the equilateral triangle be "m" cm. Hence the perimeter of the equilateral triangle is "3m" cm. Now we know that 8a + 3m = 90......(1)

Moreover area of the equilateral triangle is  and area of the rectangle is 3a²

a = m²/4
 

Substituting this in (1) we get 2m² +3 m − 90 =0 solving this we get m=6 (ignoring the negative value since side can't be negative)
Hence a = 9 and the longer side of the rectangle will be 3a = 27cm

Let the amount of money with Amal and Sunil be 6x and 4x. Now the amount of money with Mita be 5x. Difference between the largest and smallest amount is ₹400 i.e. 6x - 4x = 400 or 2x = 400 or x = 200 . Amount of money with Sunil is 200(4) = ₹800

On expanding the expression we get   or

Now applying the property of AM > = GM, we get that

1 or .

Hence from here we can conclude that the expression will always be equal to 0 or less than 0. Hence any positive value is not possible. So 1 is not possible.

Now 23 students choose maths as one of their subject.
This means (MPC)+ (MC) + (PC) = 23 where MPC denotes students who choose all the three subjects maths, physics and chemistry and so on.
So MC + PM = 5 Similarly we have PC+ MP =7 
We have to find the smallest number of students choosing chemistry
For that in the first equation let PM=5 and MC=0. In the second equation this PC = 2
Hence minimum number of students choosing chemistry will be (18+2) = 20 Since 18 students chose all the three subjects.

Let x(1) be the least number and x(10) be the largest number. Now from the condition given in the question , we can say that
x(2) + x(3) + x(4)+........x(10) = 47*9 = 423...................(1)
Similarly x(1) + x(2) + x(3) + x(4)................+ x(9) = 42*9 = 378...............(2)
Subtracting both the equations we get x(10) - x(1) = 45
Now, the sum of the 10 observations from equation (1) is 423 + x(1)
Now the minimum value of x(10) will be 47 and the minimum value of x(1) will be 2 .
Hence minimum average 425/10 = 42.5
Maximum value of x(1) is 42. Hence maximum average will be 465/10=46.5
Hence difference in average will be 46.5-42.5 = 4 which is the correct answer

Let the speed of Ram be v(r) and the speed of Rahim be v(h) respectively. Let them meet after time "t" from the beginning.
Hence Ram will cover v(r)(t) during that time and Rahim will cover v(h)t respectively.
Now after meeting Ram reaches his destination in 1 min i.e. Ram covered v(h)t in 1 minute or v(r)(1)= v(h)(t)
Similarly Rahim reaches his destination in 4 min i.e. Rahim covered v(r)t in 4 minutes or v(h)(4)= v(r)(t)
Dividing both the equations we get

= 2 Hence the ratio is 2.

To complete one round Ram takes 100m/15kmph and Rahim takes 20m/5kmph
They meet for the first time after L.C.M of (100m/15kmph , 20m/5kmph) = 100m/5kmph=20m/kmph.
Distance traveled by Ram =20m/kmph * 15kmph =300m.
So, he must have ran 300/100=3 rounds.

Note:
CAT gave both 2 and 3 as correct answers because of the word 'before'. 

Now we know that the perpendicular from the centre to a chord bisects the chord. Hence at the point of intersection of tangent, the chord will be divided into two parts of 3 cm each. As you can clearly see in the diagram, a right angled triangle is formed there.
Hence 

Hence the radius of the larger circle is 5cm and diameter is 10cm.

Let the CP of the each toy be "x". CP of 12 toys will be "12x". Now the shopkeeper made a 10% profit on CP. This means that 
12 x (1.1) =  2112 or x = 160 . Hence the CP of each toy is ₹160.
Now let the SP of each toy be "m". Now he sold 8 toys at 20% discount. This means that 8m(0.8) or 6.4m
He sold 4 toys at an additional 25% discount. 4m(0.8)(0.75) = 2.4m  Now 6.4m + 2.4m = 8.8m = 2112 or m = 240
Hence CP = 160 and SP = 240. Hence profit percentage is 50%.

(x² − 5x + 7)^x+1 = 1
There can be a solution when (x² − 5x + 7) = 1 or x² − 5x + 6 = 0
or x = 3 and x = 2
There can also be a solution when x + 1 = 0 or x = -1
Hence three possible solutions exist.

We have 2x + 5y = 99 or x = (99 - 5y)/2
Now,

So−20 ≤ y ≤ 14. Now for this range of "y", we have to find all the integral values of "x". As the coefficient of "x" is 2,
then (99 - 5y) must be even, which will happen when "y" is odd. However, there are only 17 odd values of "y" be -20 and 14.
Hence the number of possible values is 17.

Based on the question: AD, CE and BF are the three altitudes of the triangle. It has been stated that {GD + GE + GF = s}
Now since the triangle is equilateral, let the length of each side be "a". So area of triangle will be

Now,

Given the area of the equilateral triangle =  ; substituting the value of 'a' from above, we get the area {in terms 's'} = 

Let the first term of the GP be "a" . Now from the question we can show that

Dividing both the equations we get

So for the minimum possible value we take Now give minimum possible value to "r" i.e -4 and n - m = 2

Hence minimum possible value of r + n - m = - 4 + 2 = -2

Let John buy "m" kg of rice and "p" kg of wheat.
Now let the price of rice be "r" in April. Price in May will be "1.2(r)"
Now let the price of wheat be "w" in April . Price in April will be "1.12(w)".
Now he spent ₹150 more in May , so 0.2(rm) + 0.12(wp) = 150
Its also given that he had spent ₹450 on rice in April. So (rm) = 450 
So 0.2(rm) = (0.2)(450) = 90 Substituting we get (wp) = 60/0.12 or (wp) = 500
Amount spent on wheat in May will be 1.12(500) = ₹560

We can write x = z - 9 and y = z - 1 Now we have x + y <  z + 5
Substituting we get z - 9  + z - 1<z + 5 or z < 15
Hence the maximum possible value of z is 14
Maximum value of "x" is 5 and maximum value of "y" is 13
Now 2x + y = 10 + 13 = 23

Let the number of pencils bought by Aron be "p" and the cost of each pencil be "a".
Let the number of sharpeners bought Aron be "s" and the cost of each sharpener be "b".
Now amount spent by Aron will be (pa) + (sb)
Aditya bought (2p) pencils and (s-10) sharpeners. Amount spent will be (2pa)+(s-10)b
Amount spent in both the cases is same
pa + sb = 2pa + (s - 10)b or pa = 10b
Now its given in the question that cost of sharpener is 2 more than pencil i.e. b=a+2
pa= 10a + 20 or a = 20/(p - 10)
Now the number of pencils has to be minimum, for that we have to find smallest "p" such that both "p" and "a" are integers. The smallest such value is p=11 . Total number of pencils bought will be p + 2p = 11 +22 = 33

Now

Applying A.M>= G.M.

Substituting we get the maximum possible value of the equation as 1/√2.

x² − 2 | x | + | a − 2 | = 0
where x > = 0 and x > =2
x² − 2 | x | + | a − 2 | = 0 Using quadratic equation we have x=1 + √3-a and x = 1 -√3-a Only two integer values are possible
a = 2 and a = 3. So corresponding "x" values are x=1 and a = 3, x = 2 and a = 2, x = 0 and a = 2
where x > = 0 and x < 2
Applying the above process we get x=1 and a=1
where x < 0 and x > =2 we get a=3 and x=-1 , a = 2 and x = -2
where x < 0 and x < 2 we get a=1 and x = -1
Hence there are total 7 values possible

Now we have

Now we know that x+y=102. Substituting it in the above equation

Maximum value of xy  can be found out by AM>= GM relationship

Hence the maximum value of "xy" is 2601. Substituting in the above equation we get

= 2704