Health, Health Infrastructure & Health Policy of Uttar Pradesh | Course for UPPSC Preparation - UPPSC (UP) PDF Download

Introduction

Health is “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease” according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Physical is about the body. Mental is about how people think and feel. Social talks about how people live with other people. It is about family, work, school, and friends.

Health Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh had been in the grips of a healthcare crisis long before Gorakhpur and Farrukhabad put the spotlight on the state’s ailing public health system. The state’s infant mortality rate is comparable to that of strife-torn African nations. There is one doctor for every 19,000 people; according to WHO, there should be one for every 1,000. This is the third of a four-part series that explores the state’s policy paralysis and places it against the larger backdrop of a systematic public health failure. In 2015-16, Uttar Pradesh spent 3.98 percent of its budget on healthcare, which is Rs 12,104 crore of an overall expenditure of Rs 3.04 lakh crore. The next year, the state spent 4.6 percent of its budget on healthcare and for 2017-18, the estimated expenditure is 4.46 percent. The money allocated for health policies serves as “oxygen”, which is hardly made available to Uttar Pradesh. The proposed budget for 2016-17 demanded Rs 30.4 crore for healthcare, of which only Rs 10.19 crore were approved by the Centre. In 2017-18, the demand was cut to Rs 20.01 crore but the Centre managed to further slash it to Rs 5.78 crore – barely 29 percent of the proposed amount. Uttar Pradesh’s per capita expenditure on health, at a mere Rs 452, is 70 percent of India’s national average. The state, which has more than 16 percent of the country’s population, gets only nine percent of India’s public health spending.Health, Health Infrastructure And Health Policy Of Uttar Pradesh

Health Infrastructure

• Department of   Medical, Health and Family Welfare, Government of Uttar Pradesh, is playing a vital role in improving the health status & quality of living of the People of Uttar Pradesh.
• Department of   Medical, Health and Family Welfare has been involved in service of Mankind since its very inception in 1921. The Department initially provided its services under the name of “ Provincial Subordinate Medical and Provincial Medical Services”.
• In 1946 it was divided into PMS – I and PMS – II Services and Provincial Health Services (PHS). In 1964 P.M.S- I and P.M.S- II were unified to form the Provincial Medical Services (PMS). On 26 June 1973 the PMS and PHS were unified to form the present “Provincial Medical and Health Services”.
• This department is   responsible for   providing   Medical, Health and Family Welfare related  services to the   densely    populated    state of Uttar Pradesh (166,05,2859) spread over a vast area of 2,40,982 sq. Km.
• With the objective of providing health services in Urban and Remote areas, the department provides three tier medical services in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Under this, at the first level, Health Services are provided in urban areas. Health services at the second and third level are provided in rural areas.
• First level Health Services are provided in Urban areas through District Male and Female or Combined Hospitals and are at  district level. These hospitals are generally 100 – 500 bedded Hospitals, where various   medical facilities are provided. At present there are 80 District Level Hospitals, 6 Combined Hospitals and 63 Female Hospitals are available.
• At this level health services are provided through Community Health Centres established at the Tehsil and Block Level. Presently the standard for setting up the CHC is population. For each one Lakh population in rural areas one CHC is set up. Each CHC is set up with the objective of providing standard Health services to the public in the rural areas. Accordingly CHC also acts as ‘referral unit’ in rural areas.   Each CHC has 30 beds. Operationalisation of CHC requires expenditure of Rs. 20 lakh approximately towards the cost of equipment / infrastructure and salary etc.  At present in the state  there  are  308 CHCs operational. As per July 1987 to March 1997 standards 6 Specialities were required at CHC level viz. Physician, Surgery, Gynecologist, Pediatrics, Radiologist and Dental Doctor. The standard was revised and as per March, 1997 to May 1999, 7 Specialties were required at CHC level which were, Physician, Surgery, Gynecologist, Dental Doctor, Pathologist. At present as per standard laid from May, 1999 following 5 specialties are required at CHC – Physician, Surgery, Gynecologist, Nishchetak, Radiologist.
• At the third level Health Services are provided in Remote Rural areas through the Primary Health Centres, Additional Primary Health Centres and Sub Centre. PHCs/ Additional PHCs are established level at the village Level, having 4 beds each.  There are presently 1,85,65 sub-centres, 810 Block level PHCs and 2830 additional PHCs operational. Basically mainly Mother and Child care programme is implemented using Sub Centre . Apart from these there are few rural women hospitals where safe delivery facility is provided. Around 20,000/- subcentres on 5000 village population are functioning manned by ANMsThe Department is coordinating the implementation of National Health Program in each   District. Important programmes like Family Planning, Immunization, Malaria   eradication, Prevention    from AIDS,    Filaria eradication, Blindness   control, and   Iodine Deficiency Disorders being run and monitored  by the department officials.
• The department also provides Medical facilities in hospitals created in Police Jails, Central Prisons and PAC. In all, there are 4304   medical units in the state providing the above services with a total Bed strength of 53,247.
• USAID assisted SIFPSA and World Bank funded AIDS Control society are also functioning to augment Family Welfare & Reproductive Child Health CFW & RCH and AIDS program.
• Uttar Pradesh Health Systems Development Project (UPHSDP) is also working in the state with commitment to improve the delivery system through institutional and human resource  development initiatives and to build partnerships in order to provide high quality, affordable, accountable, responsive & integrated health care in the state of Uttar Pradesh.

Health Policy

Uttar Pradesh Health System Strengthening Project

UPHSSP is a World Bank assisted project started to enhance Medical Health care facilities in Uttar Pradesh. Government of Uttar Pradesh has been accepted to start this project as per following norms:

• Project will be started with the name of UP Health System Strengthening Project.
• Proposed cost of UPHSSP is US$ 170 million (Rupees 763.55 crore).
• Expenditure cost of the project elements will be allocated in the budget of the State Government every year and payment should be given through treasuries.
• PMU office of UPHSDP and its infrastructure including staff will be the office of UPHSSP.
• Activities of the UPHSSP will be monitored by the governing board, project steering committee and PMU.
• Principal Secretary, Health & Family Welfare, Uttar Pradesh is authorized to finalized the credit agreement of the project, negotiation with the World Bank and Finance Ministry Government of India.

(SIFPSA)

State Innovations in Family Planning Services Project Agency (SIFPSA) has been a joint venture of Government of India, USAID and Government of Uttar Pradesh under Indo-US bilateral agreement for implementing the Innovations in Family Planning Services (IFPS) project in the State. During the two decades of successful implementation of IFPS project, SIFPSA has made its mark in the global arena in Family Planning and Reproductive Child Health.