Gradually Varied Flow | Irrigation Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download

Introduction

When the depth changes gradually over a long distance. The flow is called a gradually varied flow.

A gradually varied flow can occur due to the following reasons:

  • Change in shape and size of the channel crosssection
  • Change in slope of the channel
  • Presence of obstruction
  • Change in frictional forces at the boundaries.

Gradually varied flow is a case of non-uniform flow. So same equation can be applied.
i.e., Gradually Varied Flow | Irrigation Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE)
(dh/dl) is also called slope of the free water surface.
When (dh/dl) = 0, h is constant; so free water surface is parallel to the channel bed.
When (dh/dl) > 0, depth of water increases in the direction of flow and the profile of water is called backwater curve.
When, (dh/dl) < 0, depth of water decreases in the direction of flow and the profile is called drop down curve.
Gradually Varied Flow | Irrigation Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE)

The document Gradually Varied Flow | Irrigation Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE) is a part of the Civil Engineering (CE) Course Irrigation Engineering.
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