What is HTML? | HTML5 for Web Development - Software Development PDF Download
What is HTML?
HTML, short for Hypertext Markup Language, is the standard markup language used to structure and present content on the World Wide Web. It provides a set of tags that define the structure and layout of web pages, allowing browsers to interpret and display them correctly. In simpler terms, HTML is like the skeleton of a webpage, providing the framework that holds everything together.
The Structure of HTML
HTML documents are composed of elements enclosed within opening and closing tags. Tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets (< and >) and are used to define different parts of a webpage. Elements can be nested inside other elements, creating a hierarchical structure.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My First Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to My Web Page!</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text.</p>
</body>
</html>
Tags and Elements
Tags are the building blocks of HTML and are used to define different types of content. Here are some commonly used tags:
- <html>': Represents the root element of an HTML page.
- <head>': Contains meta-information about the document.
- <title>': Specifies the title of the webpage (displayed in the browser's title bar).
- <body>': Contains the visible content of the webpage.
- '<h1>', '<h2>', '<h3>'...'<h6>': Define headings of different sizes.
- <p>': Represents a paragraph of text.
Basic HTML Document Structure
Every HTML document should begin with a document type declaration ('<!DOCTYPE html>'), followed by the '<html>' tag that wraps the entire content. The content is divided into two main sections: the '<head>' and the '<body>'.
The '<head>' section contains metadata, such as the title of the webpage and external CSS or JavaScript files. The '<body>' section holds the visible content of the webpage that users see in their browsers.
Adding Content with Headings and Paragraphs
Headings and paragraphs are fundamental elements for organizing and displaying text on a webpage. Headings range from '<h1>' to '<h6>', with '<h1>' being the highest level and <h6> the lowest.
<h1>Welcome to My Web Page!</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text.</p>
Enhancing Text with Formatting Tags
HTML provides various formatting tags to enhance the appearance of text. Here are a few examples:
- '<strong>': Renders text in bold.
- '<em>': Displays text in italics.
- '<u>': Underlines text.
<p>This is <strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em> text with an <u>underline</u>.</p>
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Creating Lists with HTML
HTML allows you to create both ordered (numbered) and unordered (bullet) lists.
Ordered List:
<ol>
<li>First item</li>
<li>Second item</li>
<li>Third item</li>
</ol>
Unordered List:
<ul>
<li>Apple</li>
<li>Orange</li>
<li>Banana</li>
</ul>
Including Images
To display images on your webpage, you can use the '<img>' tag with the 'src' attribute specifying the image file's URL or file path.
<img src="https://cn.edurev.in/ath/to/image.jpg" alt="Description of the image">
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Linking Pages Together
HTML allows you to create links between different web pages using the '<a>' tag. The 'href' attribute specifies the URL of the target page.
<a href="https://www.example.com">Visit Example.com</a>
Conclusion
Congratulations! You've taken your first step into the exciting world of HTML. We covered the basics of HTML structure, tags, and elements. You learned how to create headings, paragraphs, lists, format text, insert images, and link pages together. With this knowledge, you can now begin crafting your own webpages. Explore more HTML tags and experiment with different elements to enhance your web design skills.
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