Class 11 Exam  >  Class 11 Notes  >  Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11 PDF Download

Understanding the different types of venations is important as it helps in plant identification and classification. Additionally, venation plays a role in understanding the adaptations of plants to their environment, as the pattern of veins affects the distribution of resources within the leaf.

Venation

The arrangement of veins and veinlets in lamina or leaf blade of a leaf. It plays a crucial role in the transport of water, nutrients, and sugars within the leaf.

It is of two types. 

(1) Reticulate

  • In this type of venation many veins are divided into various branches (veinlets) and form a net-like structure.
  • Many smaller veins called veinlets arise from larger veins, creating an web like network.
  • It is found in dicots. 
  • *Exception – Calophyllum (It has parallel venation)

(2) Parallel

  • In this type of venation, all veins run parallel to each other, and they do not form network.
  • They extend from the base of the leaf to the tip, maintaining a consistent distance between each other.
  •  It is found in monocots.
  •  Exception(*) – Smilax (It has reticulate venation)

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11


Question for Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough
Try yourself:Venation is the ________________.
View Solution


Types of Leaf

leaves are one of the most important plant organs involved in photosynthesis, gas exchange, and transpiration.
There are two types of Leaves

 

(1) Simple Leaf

  • Simple leaves are those that have only one lamina and are connected to the main stem by a petiole. The petiole is a slender stalk that joins the leaf blade to the main stem or branch of the plant. It acts as a support structure, allowing the leaf to be positioned optimally for light absorption during photosynthesis.
  • It is characterized by having only one leaf blade or lamina, which is not divided into smaller leaflets.

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11

  • The lamina of a simple leaf never gets divided into smaller leaflets.
    Examples: Maples, Oregano, Banana, Guava, Mango, Black Cherry.

(2) Compound Leaf

  • A compound leaf is composed of multiple leaflets attached to the midvein, having their own stalks.
  • Each leaflet of a compound leaf remains attached to the main stem by a short stem-like structure called the rachis.
  • Each leaflet is similar to a small leaf, but they are not individually connected to the stem.
  • Examples: Neem, Clover, Rose, Hickory, Walnut, Pecan.

There are two types of compound leaves

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11  


Download the notes
Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough
Download as PDF
Download as PDF

a) Pinnately Compound

  • Number of leaflets are present on a common axis called rachis. 
  • In pinnately compound leaves, multiple leaflets are arranged along a central stalk called the rachis.
  • The arrangement of leaflets resembles the shape of a feather or a pinnate structure, hence the name "pinnately compound.

Pinnately Pinnately Example - Neem, Rose plants, Walnut trees, and Pecan trees.

b) Palmately Compound

  • The leaflets are attached at a common axis at the tip of petiole.
  • The arrangement resemble the shape of an open palm or hand, hence the name "palmately compound.

PalmatelyPalmatelyExample - Silk Cotton   

Question for Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough
Try yourself:Q4. What is the structure called that attaches each leaflet to the main stem in a compound leaf?
View Solution


Take a Practice Test
Test yourself on topics from Class 11 exam
Practice Now
Practice Now

Modifications of Leaves

When leaf is modified in a different structure to perform functions other than photosynthesis is called modification of leaf.

  1. Leaf tendril: In this, whole leaf is modified into a wire-like structure helping leaves to climb which is called leaf tendril 
    Example: Lathyrus aphaca (wild pea)
  2. Leaf spine - Leaves or any part of leaflet are modified into pointed spine for defense function.
     Example:  Opuntia , Aloe, Argemone .
  3. Leaf scale - In this leaves become thin, dry and form a membrane or paper-like structure and serve to protect axillary buds or store food and water as in onion. 
    Example:  Ficus and Tamarix , Ruscus.
  4. Leaf pitcher - Leaves of some plants are modified to pitcher shape.
    Example: Nepenthes, Dishidia.

Note: Dionaea (Venus flytrap) is insectivorous plant and they also have modified leaves.

Question for Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough
Try yourself:Q4. What is the function of a leaf spine when a leaf is modified into a pointed spine?
View Solution

The document Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11 is a part of Class 11 category.
All you need of Class 11 at this link: Class 11
Are you preparing for Class 11 Exam? Then you should check out the best video lectures, notes, free mock test series, crash course and much more provided by EduRev. You also get your detailed analysis and report cards along with 24x7 doubt solving for you to excel in Class 11 exam. So join EduRev now and revolutionise the way you learn!
Sign up for Free Download App for Free
Download as PDF
Related Searches

video lectures

,

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11

,

Extra Questions

,

practice quizzes

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

past year papers

,

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11

,

Important questions

,

Exam

,

Free

,

pdf

,

Semester Notes

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

MCQs

,

study material

,

Venation & Modification of Leaves - Rough - Class 11

,

Summary

,

Objective type Questions

,

Sample Paper

,

Viva Questions

,

ppt

,

mock tests for examination

;