Table of contents | |
Introduction | |
Duration and Capacity of Short-Term Memory | |
Empirical Evidence for Short-Term Memory | |
Alternative Models: Working Memory |
Short-term memory (STM) occupies a crucial position as the second stage within the multi-store memory model formulated by Atkinson and Shiffrin. This article delves into the characteristics of short-term memory, examining its duration, capacity, and encoding processes. Empirical evidence supports the theories surrounding STM, shedding light on its fascinating properties and limitations. Furthermore, alternative models such as working memory, proposed by Baddeley and Hitch, provide further insight into the workings of this essential cognitive function.
While the multi-store memory model by Atkinson and Shiffrin provided significant insights into the workings of short-term memory, alternative models have emerged to offer more comprehensive explanations. One such model is working memory, proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974). Working memory expands on the concept of short-term memory by considering additional components involved in cognitive processing, such as the central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, and episodic buffer. These components collectively contribute to the storage, manipulation, and retrieval of information in working memory.
Short-term memory plays a crucial role in cognitive processes, encompassing limited duration and capacity, as well as acoustic encoding through rehearsal. Empirical evidence, including span and recency effect studies, supports the theories surrounding short-term memory. Furthermore, alternative models like working memory provide a more comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in information processing. Overall, comprehending the intricacies of short-term memory enhances our knowledge of human cognition and memory systems.
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